‘‘shabdakalpadrum khand’’ ke 14 vane khand ke prishth 334 ke anusar dvapar yug men bhagvan shrikrishnaji ne devadhidev umapti mahadev ji ke samaksh manav ke shubha'shubh lakshan janne ki ichcha prakat ki. shrikrishn bole -‘‘ ki drishah purusho, avandyo va kidrisho bhavet. kanya v kidrisho shasya, garhita va'pi ki drishi..’’ is par bhagvan shankar ji ne kaha- ‘‘shrinu krishn ! pravakshyami, samudravchnan yatha. lakshanantu manushyanan, ekenaiv vdamyaham..’’ he krishn ! prachin samay men samudra rishi’’ ne manushyon ki akriti, lakshan, hath ki rekhaon v chihnon ko dekhakar jo shubha'shubh faladesh kahe hain, vah sab main tumhen ek-ek karke sunata hun, ise dhyanpurvak suno. (jab devadhidev bhagvan shankar ne hastarekha ka gyan ‘‘samudra rishi’’ ke mukh se suna to ‘‘samudra rishi’’ svayan kis kal men hue?) ‘‘samudra rishi’’ aise ‘‘pahle bhartiya rishi’’ the, jinhonne sutrabaddh rup se is shastra ki svatantra rachna ki. isi karan inke pashchat ke vidvanon ne ‘‘samudren’’ shabd ke adhar par is shastra ko ‘‘samudrikam’’ ki sangya pradan ki. isse purva tak yah shastra angalakshan shastra ke nam se hi jana jata raha. ‘‘samudrik mangalakshanamati samudrikan hi dehvtam. prathmmvapya samudrah kritvanitikitryate kritibhi..’’ samudra rishi ke kal nirdharan hetu ‘‘shri samudren proktam samudrik shastram’’ ke uprokt shlokon ke atirikt nimn shlok bhi vicharniya hai- tadapi naradalakshakavarahmandavyananmukhapramukhaiah. rachitan kvachitprasangatpurush - strilakshanan kinchit.. shribhoj nrip sumantaprabhritinamagratopi vidyante. samudrik shastrani prayah gahnani tani paramam..’’ is shlok ke anusar samudra rishi ke bad narad, varah, mandanya, shanmukh, rajabhoj evan sumant adi hue. yahan narad ka jahan tak prashn hai, yah prajapti brahmaji ke mansputra, brihaspati tatha sanatkumar ke shishya devarshi narad nahin ho sakte. sanbhvtah yah sarasvat kalp ke vah narad hain jinhonne ‘‘nard-puran’’ ki rachna ki thi. adhunik itihaskar narad puran ko isa purva chathi sadi ke as-pas ki kriti mante hain. narad puran men angalakshanashastra par paryapt samagri upalabdh hai.
parantu nirvivad rup se itna to nishchit hai ki hastarekha avlokan ka prachalan bharatavarsh men prachinkal se hai. us kal se jabki vishva ki anya prachin sabhyataen v sanskritiyan viksit bhi nahin hui thi. aisa lagta hai ki ‘‘samudra rishi’’ bhi anek hue athva yah ek padvi hai jaise- vikramaditya, shankracharya, indra anek hue, vaise hi samudra rishi bhi anek hue. atah samudrarishi ke kal ka nirdharan karna atyant dushkar karya hai. arvachin aitihasik sanskrit granthon men ‘‘shrimadvalmikiya ramayn’’ ka nam sarvapratham ata hai. valmiki rishi hi sanskrit ke adi kavi mane jate hain. hindu manyataane ke anusar yah rachna shriramajanm ke pahle arthat aj se 12,96,000 varsh purva tretayug ki hai. is granth men bhi hastarekha ka vivaran prapt hota hai. yatha- ‘‘jis samay bhagvan shriram van-gaman hetu sita ke pas gae aur unhonne mantavya bataya, us samay sita ne bhi van chalne ka agrah kiya aur kaha ki mujhe to van jana hi parega, kyonki meri hatheli men is tarah ki rekha hai. aisa hastarekha janne vale vidvanon ne mujhe pita ke ghar men bataya tha. ‘‘ athpi ch mahapragya brahmanana bhaya shrutam. pura pitrigrihe satyan vaktavyan kil men bane
.. 8 .. lakshanibhyo, dvijatibhyah shrritvahan vachnan grihe. vanaskritotsaha nityamev mahabl
.. 9.. adesho vanvasasya praptavyah s maya kil. sa tvaya sah bhatrtahan yasyahim priya nanyatha
..10.. kritdesha bhavishyami gamishyami tvya sah. kalashchayan samutpannah bhavtu dvijah
.. 11.. vanvase hi janami duahkhani bahthakil. prapyante niyatan vir purushairkritatmabhiah
.. 12 .. kanyaya ch pitrirgehe vanvasah shruto maya. bhikshinyaah shamvrittaya mam maturihagratah
.. 13.. sarg 29 shlok 8 se 13 (shrimadvalmikiya ramayn) ‘‘mahapragya ! yadyapi van men dosh aur dukh hi bhare hain.
tathapi apne pita ke ghar par rahte samay main brahmanon ke mukh se pahle yah bat sun chuki hun ki ‘mujhe avashya hi van men rahna parega’ yah bat mere jivan men satya hokar rahegi.’’ ‘‘mahabli vir ! hastarekha dekhakar bhavishya ki baten jan lene vale brahmanon ke mukh se apne ghar par aisi bat sunakar main sada hi vanvas ke lie utsahit rahti hun.’’ ‘‘priyatam ! brahman se gyat hua van men rahne ka adesh ek-na-ek din mujhe pura karna hi parega, yah kisi tarah palat nahin sakta. atah main apne svami apke sath van men avashya chalungi.’’ ‘‘aisa hone se main us bhagya ke vidhan ko bhog lungi.
uske lie yah samay a gaya hai. atah apke sath mujhe chalna hi hai; isse us brahman ki bat bhi sachchi ho jayegi.’’ ‘‘vir ! main janti hun ki vanvas men avashya hi bahut se dukh prapt hote hain parantu ve unhin ko dukh jan parte hain jinki indriyan aur man apne vash men nahi rahte.’’ ‘‘pita ke ghar par kumari avastha men ek shantipriya bhikshuki ke mukh se bhi mainne apne vanvas ki bat suni hai. usne meri mata ke samne hi aisi bat ki thi.’’ valmiki kal men hi prasangavash atri, galav, kashyap, garg, gautam, vaishmpayan adi ke sandarbh bhi milte hain jo ki samudrik vidya ke jankar the. valmiki ke pashchat mahabharat kal ke ‘vedavyas’’ ka nam pramanik rup men ata hai. vedavyas ke samudrik vigyan ke sanbandh men shrimadbhagavat evan skandapuran ke nimn do shlok drashtavya hanai- ‘‘padani vyantametani nandasunormahatmanah. lakshayante hi dhvajambhoj vajrankush- yavdibhiah.. padau samanslau raktau samau sukshmau sushobhnau. samgulfau svedhinau snigdhavaishvarthas suchko..’’ ved vyas ke yug nirdharan hetu mahabharat sarvashreshth granth hai. pandav yug ke sanbandh men ‘mahabharat ke adi parva, adhyay 2, shlok 13 ke anusar yuddh ka samay 8/11/2585 isa purva niklta hai. adhunik vidvanon ke anusar 1500 se 3000 isa purva mana jata hai. vishnu puran ke anusar kul 28 vyas hue hain jinmen sarvapratham svayanbhu, prabhu, ritu tatha antim krishn dvaipayan vyas hain. ‘‘vyas’’ ek padvi ka nam hai. maharshi vedavyas ke bad surya, katyayan, chagley adi vidvanon ke nam bhi samudrik shastra ki drishti se ullekhniya hain. parashar bhi kai hue hain, parantu vedavyas ki shishya paranpra men parashar rishi ke brihatparashri tatha laghuparashri namak do jyotish granth hain jinmen ek prasang men samudrik ang lakshanon ka vishad varnan hai. isi shrinkhla men maharshi parashar se saikron varsh pashchat jyotish ke daidipyaman nakshatra acharya varahmihir ka itihas prapt hota hai, jinhonne isa se saikrane varsh purva ‘‘brihatsanhita’’ men samudrik shastra ki vistar se svatantra paribhashaen, lakshan, evan faladeshon ka varnan kiya hai. samudrik vigyan ke kshetra men malva pradesh sthit dhara nagri (vartamandhar madhyapradesh) ke maharaja bhoj jo sanskrit sahitya, rajniti, tantra, jyotish, samudrik evan ayurvedik shastron ke asadharan vidvan the, inka samudrik vigyan ke kshetra men ‘bhojkrit samudrikam’ granth prasiddh hai.
yatha: apasavya karyornashveshu sitbindavashcharanayorva. agantavah prashastaah purushanan bhojrajamatam.. angushthamuladarabhya bhanervdhikan tugaah. yavanto rerikkastavavat apatyani vicharyet.. putrastu dirgha-rekhabhirlaghubhirdarika mata. jivnan bharnan tveshambhedadbhedtah smritan.. uprokt sandarbh se spasht hai ki hastarekha shastra ka bhi apko gahan adhyayan tha. jyotish granth ‘‘rajmrigank’’ ke anusar apka samay gyarhvin sadi siddh hota hai. ukt granth ki rachna shak 964 isvi 1042 hai. bharat men shak sanvat 1500 ke lagabhag shri virsinh namak raja ne ramputra vishvanath pandit dvara hora skandha-nirupan namak granth likhvaya jise ‘virsinh jatkoday khand’ bhi kaha jata hai. is granth men jyotish vishyon ke atirikt samudrik jatak bhi vistar se varnit hai. bharat ke pashupti nagar arthat kashi men shri shapadabj sevi shrimadhav ganvakar ne shak samvat 1600 men ‘‘samudrik chintamni’’ namak granth ki rachna ki. bharat men shak samvat 1787 men kashinath patavardhan (mharkr) ka janm hua. inke sanbandh men sva. shri balkrishn dikshit ji ka kahna hai, ki- sarvang lakshanon ke adhar par jatak ki kundli banakar ap lagn, grahasthiti, grahansh adi lagabhag satya rup se batla dete the. isvi san 1900 se ajatak anek rachnakar bharat men utpann hue parantu unmen se ungliyon par gine jane yogya ullekhniya nam do ya tin hi hain. sarvapratham rajagarh ke sva. lakshminarayan tripathi, dusre ratlam m. pra. ke sva. shrinivas pathak tatha tisre jodhpur rajasthan ke dae. bhojraj dvivedi hain. uprokt tathyon se yah pramanit hota hai ki hastarekha bhi utna hi prachin vigyan hai jitna ki jyotish shastra aur yah bharat ki den hai. vishvavikhyat hastarekha visheshagya ‘‘kaunt luis hemn’’ hue jinka janm san 1866 men hua tha jinhen ‘‘kiro’’ ke nam se jana jata hai. kiro ka yah vishvas tha ki hastarekha vigyan ke sarvapratham gyata bhartiya hi the jinka gyan aur sabhyata sansar ki anek sabhyataon ke nasht ho jane par bhi abhi tak jivit hai. yunani shabd kir ke adhar par kiromainsi (hastarekha shastra), kironomi (hastarachana) ka prachalan hua. 425 isa purva men aneksagoras nam ke vidvan ne is vidya ko apnaya v parhaya. hispenas ko harmij ki vedi par svarnaksharon se likhit hastarekha shastra ki ek pustak prapt hui thi jise usne sikandar ke pas bhej diya. arastu, plini, pairaklesas, kardamis, maignas, samrat agast tatha anya videshi vidvanon ne bhi is vidya ko apnaya v sanrakshan pradan kiya.