prashna: vishva men kaun-kaun si chikitsa paddhatiyan prachlit hain aur unse kis prakar rogon ka nidan kiya jata hai? chikitsa paddhatiyon ke mul men anek ashcharyajanak tathyon ka samanvay hai, jinmen vaigyanik prakriya, vibhinn aushdhiyon, ritu ke anukul khanpan, roganurup aushdhi grahan evan rogi ki mansikta tatha vatavaran adi pramukh hain. vishva ki chikitsa paddhatiyon ka vivechan is prakar hai:-
agnihotra (yagya) chikitsa paddhati rog chikitsa: bhartiya manishiyon ne apne anubhvon ke madhyam se is tathya ka pata lagaya ki agnihotra sangyak yagya (havn) men jo ghrit evan anya samagri ki ahuti dali jati hai, vah nasht nahin hoti apitu sukshmarup dharan karke vayumandal men mil jati hain. yah tathya adhunik vaigyanikon ko bhi svikar hai. anek vaigyanikon ne apne parikshan ke adhar par agnihotra (havn) ke madhyam se agnit asadhya rogon ki chikitsa ko sanbhav siddh kiya hai.
agnihotra dvara vayu chikitsa: ailiyas bapurav parkhe ka mantavya hai ki yagya men di gai ahuti se vayu chikitsa, agni chikitsa, vidyut chikitsa, jal chikitsa, nad chikitsa adi ek sath ho jati hain.
agnihotra dvara tvacha chikitsa: vaidik sahitya men agnihotra dvara tvacha sanbandhi rogon ke upchar ka spasht ullekh milta hai. suryoday ke samay agnihotra (havn) karne vale jatak ko siradard evan tvacha sanbandhi rogon se mukti milti hai.
agnihotra se rajayakshma ka nidan: rajayakshma ek sankramak rog hai. guggul se kiya gaya agnihotra rajayakshma ke kitanuon ko nasht kar dalta hai. agnihotra (havn) dvara anya anek chikitsaen sanbhav hain, jinse jiv-jagat labhanvit ho sakta hai. ayurved chikitsa ‘ayuah’ shabd svasthya ka vachak hai aur ‘ved’ vah chikitsa vigyan hai jisse svasthya ki raksha ke niyam aur svasthya ko vikrit karne vale rogon ke upchar ka gyan hota hai.
mul uddeshya: ayurved chikitsa multah is uddeshya par adharit hai ki sarvapratham manushya ke svasthya ki raksha honi chahie, kyonki svasthya thik n hone par hi prayah rogon ka akraman hota hai. ukt tathya ko do vibhagon men vibhajit kiya ja sakta hai-
svasthya raksha ke upay aur svasthya ke vikrit hone se utpann hue rogon ki chikitsa ke upay. yahan ayurved ki chikitsa paddhati ke adhar par in donon binduon par prakash dala ja raha hai.
svasthya raksha ke upay: ayurved chikitsa ki samagra paddhati vat, piÿa, kaf namak tin doshon ke taratamya par ashrit hai. sharir ke ukt doshon ka santulan bana kar man evan indriyon ko apne-apne kshetra men prabhavi banane vala manav hi ‘svastha’ kahlata hai.
ayurved men svasthya ki raksha hetu nimnalikhit pramukh niyamon ka vidhan kiya gaya hai -
adhyatmik sadhna athva pujn: apni astha ke anurup adhyatmik sadhna athva ishtadev ke pujan se bhi svasthya labh prapt kiya ja sakta hai.
svasthya ke vikrit hone se utpann hue rogon ki chikitsa ke upay: svasthya sanbandhi niyamon ka palan karne men asavdhani ke karan athva kisi anya karanavash manushya yadi rogon se grast ho jata hai, to ayurved men un rogon ki chikitsa ka bhi vistrit vidhan kiya gaya hai. ayurvedacharya manishigan is tathya ka dava karte hain ki ayurved men uchch raktachap, madhumeh, hriday rog, dama, motapa, esiditi, elarji, alsar, spondilaitis, saitika, artharaitis, kainsar (pratham v dvitiya stej) evan eds jaise asadhya rogon ka upchar bina shalya chikitsa (aepreshn) ke sanbhav hai.
ayurved ki aushdhiyan evan unke svarup: vibhinn vastuon ke samuchit mishran se yog v ras, rasayan, vati, guggul, churn, avleh, sat, karha, ghrit, tel, lauh, mandur, parpati, bhasm v pishti adi taiyar kie jate hain. kuch vishisht rogon ke nidan kainsar v eds ke nidan: ayurvedacharya nari v shvas ke adhar par kainsar, eds adi rogon ka nidan karte hain.
thairaeid, tansil evan kaf rog: ukt rogon se mukti hetu trikuti churn pratah aur sayan khali pet madhu ke sath sevan karne se apratyashit labh hota hai.
vat rog se nidan: vat rogon se mukti hetu haldi 100 gram, methidana 100 gram, saunth 100 gram aur ashvagandha churn 50 gram ka gungune pani ke sath ek-ek chammach sevan karne se joron ke dard, gathiya, kamaradard adi men vishesh labh hota hai.
motapa kam karne ki chikitsa: motapa kam karne ke lie ek chammach trifla (harar, bahere v anvle ka mishran) churn ko ratri men 200 gram pani men bhigokar rakhen. pratah garm karen aur adha shesh rahne par chan len. do chammach shahad milakar garma-garm (jo sahan kiya ja sake) pien. is vidhi se kuch hi dinon men motapa kam hone lagta hai aur sfurti ka sanchar hota hai. reki reki chikitsa paddhati ka udgam sthal japan hai. japani bhasha ki drishti se ‘reki’ pad do shabdon ke samanvay se bana hai- ‘re’ aur ‘ki’. re ka tatparya brahmand se tatha ‘ki’ ka ‘urja’ se hai. atah reki vah chikitsa paddhati hai jo pranimatra men vidyaman (parantu supta) brahmand urja ko jagrat karke anek sadhya evan asadhya rogon ke upchar men sahayak hoti hai.
reki dvara rogon ka nidan: reki chikitsak ka kramshah panch staron men utkarsh hota hai. in panchon staron men ‘sparsha’ dvara upchar karne ke lie jin ayamon ka ashray liya jata hai, unka vivaran is prakar hai: reki chikitsakon ki yah manyata hai ki is paddhati se (bina kisi aushdhi ke prayog kie) raktasrav, asthi chikitsa, sharir ke sabhi tute angon ki shalya chikitsa, khansi, jukam, madhumeh, jvar, dast, dama, mansik chikitsa, maigren, prajnndosh, ghavon, krimirog adi ki chikitsa sanbhav hai. manovyadhi vigyan dvara chikitsa manovyadhi vigyan dvara jis chikitsa paddhati ka pravartan hua, vah bharat ke sath-sath vishva ke kai anya rashtro men bhi pallavit evan pushpit hui. aitihasik drishti se manovyadhi vigyan ki chikitsa paddhati ka vargikaran do rupon men kiya ja sakta hai - bhartiya paddhati aur pashchatya paddhati.
bhartiya paddhati: is paddhati se upchar karne par mansik rog se grast vyakti men atmabal, mansik sthirta, santulan adi utpann hote hain. atharvaved ke bis khandon men 50127 mantra hain jinka mukhya uddeshya mansik vyadhiyon ka nivaran hai. vaidik granthon ke sath-sath charak sanhita adi ke anusar bhi yog sadhna, uchit khan-pan, sakaratmak chintan evan saral jivnshaili ke madhyam se krodh, ishrya, moh, duahsvapn, histiriya, apasmar, tanav adi mansik rogon ka upchar kiya ja sakta hai.
pashchatya paddhati: ukt paddhati men adholikhit visheshtaen pai jati hain: is paddhati men vyaktitva nirman tatha rogi ki shaishvavastha ki sanvegatmak samasyaon ka lakshanon ke adhar par upchar kiya jata hai. ukt uddheshyon ko prapt karne ke lie svatantra sahacharya, svapn vishleshan, vyakhya tatha sthanantaran tantrikatap ka kramabaddh upyog kiya jata hai.
yah lanbe samay tak chalne vali evan anek charnon vali manochikitsa hai. vishisht vibhag evan chikitsa paddhati manochikitsak ko prathmtah is bat ka saiddhantik gyan hona chahie ki vyakti kis prakar karya karta hai. use manovaigyanik urja ka gyan hona chahie. dvitiyatah use apna vishleshan karna chahie taki vah apne apko samajh sake. usmen dhyan ki purn shakti honi chahie tatha smriti achchi honi chahie. tritiyatah use anubhav hona chahie.
vyavhar upchar paddhati is upchar paddhati men asamanya vyavhar, chintan tatha bhavon ko parivartit karne ke lie prayogik manovigyan ki vidhiyon tatha khojon ka prayog kiya jata hai. sevarthi kendrit chikitsa paddhati is chikitsa prakriya ke antargat ek sevarthi ke lakshan aon ko samjhne tatha unhen dur karne ke tarikon ko dhundh nikalne men pramukh bhumika sevarthi ki hoti hai, manochikitsak use apne niji nirdesh nahin deta.
is paddh ti men us rogi ka upchar kiya jata hai jo janm se uchch kulin aur prabhavshali hota hai. chikitsak ko aise sevarthi rogi ke lie aisi dashaon evan vatavaran ki rachna karni chahie ki vah (rogi) svayan svatantra dhang se nirnay le sake. sevarthi ka upchar nahin karna chahie, isse chikitsak sevarthi ko ek bimar vyakti samjhne lagta hai aur sevarthi apne apko chikitsak par nirbhar anubhav karne lagta hai.
sangyanatmak vyavharaparak upchar paddhati is paddhati m ne vikshape i savan ge a ne k e vyavhara ne k e lie uÿardayi chintan ke pratiman (mapdand) ko parivartit kiya jata hai. is prakriya ka upyog hi ‘sangyanatmak vyavharaparak upchar’ kahlata hai. yah ek nideshatmak paddhati hai. chikitsak rogi ki galat manyataon ko chunauti deta hai aur use rachnatmak vicharon ke lie protsahit ya kabhi-kabhi badhya bhi karta hai. vidyut akshepi chikitsa vidyut akshepi chikitsa ko vidyut aghat chikitsa bhi kaha jata hai. ismen bijli ki sahayta se rogiyon men akshepi dauron ko kritrim dhang se utpann karke upchar kiya jata hai.
is chikitsa paddhati ke piche mul vichar yah hai ki akshep vyakti ko mrityu ke najdik le jate hain jisse usmen jaivik rakshayantriki kriyashil ho jati hai aur manorogi ke thik hone ki prakriya praranbh ho jati hai.
nidan ki prakriya: ukt chikitsa karne se purva eks kirnon, i.si.ji. ityadi se rogi ka sanpurn sharirik parikshan kiya jata hai. rogi ya rogi ke nikat ke sanbandhiyon se likhit anumti li jati hai. rogi ke jivan itihas ki riport taiyar ki jati hai. hastamudra paddhati dvara chikitsa is paddhati men hathon ki ungliyon ki vibhinn mudraon se chikitsa ki jati hai.
is paddhati ke visheshagyaon ki manyata hai ki hastamudra paddhati ke antargat gyanmudra, dhyanmudra, shantmudra, mritsanjivnimudra ityadi kul chaibis mudraen hain jinka upyog mukhyatah mansik rogon (tanav, nirasha, asthirta, bhram adi) ke upchararth kiya jata hai. homyopaithi chikitsa paddhati homyopaithi ka aranbh jarmani ke ek suprasiddh daektar hainiman ne kiya tha. homyopaithi ek aisa chikitsa vigyan hai jismen bimari ka upchar aisi aushdhiyon dva ara kiya jata hai jinka parikshan purn svasth manushyon par kiya ja chuka ho. atah yah chikitsa paddhati nirapad mani gai hai. homyopaithi ka mul siddhant prakriti ka mul siddhant hai.
laitin bhasha men is siddhant ko ‘similiya similibas kyurentayur’ kaha jata hai jiska arth hai - ‘samah saman shamyti’. samanya manushya ise ‘zahar hi zahar ki dava hai’ ke rup men janta hai. homyopaithi ki davaen vanaspati (jar, chal, tana, kali, ful, paÿai, ark, gond, tel adi), jivon ke srav, unke zahar evan utkon, rasaynon, khanij v sinthetik padarthon se banti hain. ye davaen mul ark, churn ya potensi ke rup men ho sakti hain. elopaithi chikitsa paddhati elopaithi chikitsa paddhati ka shri ganesh yunan ke mahamnishi hippokretas ne panchvin shatabdi men kiya.
is chikitsa paddhati ko pashchatya chikitsa paddhati tatha hippokretas ko aushdhiyon ka janak kaha jata hai. elopaithi purnatah vigyan sammat chikitsa paddhati hai. nitya nae-nae anusandhanon se iska kshetra parivardhit evan parishkrit hota raha hai. jivan men sanbhvtah koi aisa paksh nahin hai, jahan pratyaksh athva paroksh vidhi se is paddhati ka ashray n liya ja sake.
pranimatra ke sharir ke pratyek ang evan prayah pratyek rog ka upchar karne men yah paddhati purn safal hai. is paddhati men shalya iekyupreshar chikitsa paddhati manav ke sharir men sthit vishesh binduon par vidhipurvak dabav dalakar rog nivaran karne ki paddhati ka nam ‘ekyuperashr’ hai. ekyupreshar shabd ka arth hai ‘dabav’. is chikitsa paddhati se anek chamatkarik parinam samne ae hain.
yah chikitsa paddhati saitika, sarvaikal, spon.i dalaitis adi merudand ke samast rogon, kandhon ki akaran (frozan sholdara), ghutnon ke dard, bistar men mutra-tyag, aton ke ghav (alsara), pechish, kabj, siradard, maigren, nas-nariyon ki vikriti, gais, esiditi, gale ki sujan tatha pira, tansils, sainusaitis, bronkaitis, dama, ankh, kan evan gale ke rog, danton ka dard, lakva, miniyars adi anek rogon men upyogi hai.
ekyupreshar ki nidan prakriya: rogon ke nidan hetu ekyupreshar chikitsak sharir ke kuch vishisht binduon par madhyam bal ka prayog karte hue dabav (preshr) dalta hai. aisa karte hue yadi kisi bindu par ashniya dard ho to is tathya ka nidan ho jata hai ki rogi ke sharir men us bindu se sanbandhit ang men koi vikar ya rog hai. asthajanya chikitsa paddhati asthajanya chikitsa ka prachalan vishva ke sabhi rashtron men hai. parmatma, gurudev, ishtadev adi ke prati astha se ashatit sakaratmak parinam samne ae hain.
nidan prakriya: asthajanya chikitsa paddhati ki nidan prakriya atyant asan hai. vyakti kisi bhi rog se grast ho, harinam sankirtan se svasthya labh prapt kar sakta hai, basharte usmen astha ho. aisa asthavadiyon ka mat hai. ekyupreshar chikitsa paddhati manav ke sharir men sthit vishesh binduon par vidhipurvak dabav dalakar rog nivaran karne ki paddhati ka nam ‘ekyuperashr’ hai. ekyupreshar shabd ka arth hai ‘dabav’. is chikitsa paddhati se anek chamatkarik parinam samne ae hain.
yah chikitsa paddhati saitika, sarvaikal, spon.i dalaitis adi merudand ke samast rogon, kandhon ki akaran (frozan sholdara), ghutnon ke dard, bistar men mutra-tyag, aton ke ghav (alsara), pechish, kabj, siradard, maigren, nas-nariyon ki vikriti, gais, esiditi, gale ki sujan tatha pira, tansils, sainusaitis, bronkaitis, dama, ankh, kan evan gale ke rog, danton ka dard, lakva, miniyars adi anek rogon men upyogi hai.
ekyupreshar ki nidan prakriya: rogon ke nidan hetu ekyupreshar chikitsak sharir ke kuch vishisht binduon par madhyam bal ka prayog karte hue dabav (preshr) dalta hai. aisa karte hue yadi kisi bindu par ashniya dard ho to is tathya ka nidan ho jata hai ki rogi ke sharir men us bindu se sanbandhit ang men koi vikar ya rog hai. asthajanya chikitsa paddhati asthajanya chikitsa ka prachalan vishva ke sabhi rashtron men hai. parmatma, gurudev, ishtadev adi ke prati astha se ashatit sakaratmak parinam samne ae hain.
nidan prakriya: asthajanya chikitsa paddhati ki nidan prakriya atyant asan hai. vyakti kisi bhi rog se grast ho, harinam sankirtan se svasthya labh prapt kar sakta hai, basharte usmen astha ho. aisa asthavadiyon ka mat hai. prakritik chikitsa paddhati yah ek vaigyanik tathya hai ki manav prakriti ke jitna nikat rahta hai utna hi uske svasth evan nirog rahne ki sanbhavna adhik rahti hai.
atah manushya ko apne angon-upangon ke upchar hetu prakriti ke vibhinn ghatkon ki sharan leni chahie. prakritik chikitsa paddhati multah isi siddhant par adharit hai. pranayam chinta, krodh, bhay nirasha adi manovikaron ka samadhan pranayam dvara sarltapurvak kiya ja sakta hai.
itna hi nahin pranayam mastishk ki kshamata barhakar smaranashakti, aur duradarshita ko bhi barhata hai. pranayam karne se dirgh shvasan ka abhyas bhi svatah hone lagta hai. bhagvan ki or se hamen jo jivan mila hai, usmen pran shvas ginakar milte hain. jiske jaise karm hote hain, usi ke anusar use agla janm milta hai. yogasan ki upyogita yogasan arthat asan ka arth hai sthiti. jis suvidhajanak sthiti men yogabhyas sugmta se ho sake usmen baithakar abhyas karna chahie.
yogacharyon ne anek prakar ke asnon ki kalpana ki, jinmen se apne sharir ki sthiti ke anukul kisi bhi asan ka prayog kiya ja sakta hai. asan aisa hona chahie, jise lagakar baithne men kisi prakar ke kasht ka anubhav n ho. yogasnon ke niyamit abhyas se yog-sadhak hi nahin, grihasth aur bhogi stri-purush bhi svasth aur sundar rahte hain. asnon ke niyamit abhyas se asadhya kahe jane vale rog nasht hote dekhe gae hain. yogasnon dvara madhumeh ko bhi thik kiya ja sakta hai.
eromathairepi (ek prakritik chikitsa paddhati) eroma ka arth hai bhini sugandh aur theraipi ka chikitsa. is tarah eromathairepi ka arth hua sungadh chikitsa. yah sharir aur dimag ko rog se mukt rakhne ke lie vibhinn prakar ke paudhon tatha jari-butiyon se nikale gae ark ke dvara ilaj karne ki surakshit paddhati hai. yah ek chamatkarik chikitsa paddhati hai. jyotishiya chikitsa jyotish dvara sarvapratham bimariyon ka purvanuman lagaya jata hai.
daektar to vyakti ke rogi hone par hi uska ilaj karte hain, kintu jyotish ek aisi vidya hai jiske dvara bimariyon ka purvanuman lagakar unse bachne ke jyotishiya upay kie jate hain. abhushan chikitsa prachin samay men striyan mang, tika adi dharan kiya karti thin jisse mathe ki kuch khas ganrathiyon par dabav rahne ke karan sir dard nahin hota tha. purush apne mathe par roli, kumkum lagate the athva pagri adi pahnte the jo sir dard se chutkara dilate the. sangit chikitsa sangit shastra (gandharvaved) men 7 svar hain.
inhin 7 svaron ke mishran se sabhi rag-raginiyon ka nirman hota hai. svar sadhna evan nadanusandhan ke vividh upyog hain. inse sharir v man svasth hote hain. in sat svaron ke nam hain sa, re, g, m, p, dh, ni. paravidya dvara rogopchar daujing ek prachin paravidya hai. yah chupi hui vastuon ko dhundhne ki vah kala hai, jiska upyog mansik rup se svasth koi bhi vyakti, chahe vah alp shikshit hi kyon n ho, asani se kar sakta hai.
isse mansik evan sharirik bimariyon, davaon ke upyog evan unki upyogita adi ka bhi purvavlokan kiya jata hai. ismen upkrnon ke nam par kisi bhi prakar ke jatil v mahange auzar aur kisi prayogshala ki avashyakta nahin hoti, keval ek char, tahni ya pendulam dvara hi bimari ki khoj ki jati hai. piramid dvara chikitsa piramid chikitsa vaikalpik chikitsa paddhatiyon men se ek hai. piramid urja ka anant srot hai.
iske madhyam se sadharan jal ko urjavan kar uska upyog vibhinn rogiyon par kiya jata hai. yah jal kabz, nirbalata, khujli, pet ke rog, lakva, madhumeh, sir dard, vat rog, dama, mutra rog, piliya, ankh ke rog, kamar dard, amlata, motapa, anidra, jakhmon ko saf karne adi men atyant hi labhdayak hota hai. mutra chikitsa apne mutra se apni chikitsa bhi bahut labhaprad hoti hai. pratah kal suryoday se purva uthakar apna mutra pine se svasthya bahut achcha rahta hai. isse sabhi prakar ki bimariyan dur hoti hain.
iska ek udaharan hamare bhutpurva pradhanmantri svargiya morarji bhai desai hain. ve svamutra se apni chikitsa karte the, islie ve dirghayu hue. svaron v bijmantron dvara chikitsa devnagri lipi ke svaron ke uchcharan se rog nivaran kiya ja sakta hai. natraj mahadev maheshvar ne jab nritya karte hue damru bajaya tha tab us nad se 14 sutra prakat hue the.
inhin sutron se is lipi ka udbhav hua jismen 12 svar aur 32 vyanjan hain, jo vigyanasammat hain aur sabhi bhashavid is lipi ki vaigyanikta se sahamat hain. iske chamatkar se ve ashcharyachkit bhi hain. devnagri ke shabdon ke uchcharan se akritiyon ka ubhrna, banna dekha ja sakta hai - usi tarah jaise sangit ke gayn-vadan se akritiyan banti ubhrti hain. shabdon ke uchcharan se nad utpann hota hai aur nad ko bhi brahm mana gaya hai.
surya chikitsa prachin samay men surya ki sadhna evan upasna se rog ka upchar kiya jata tha. surya ki taraf 12-12 ghante tak ek tak dekhte hue uski sadhna ki jati thi. mantra chikitsa mantra nad ya dhvaniyon ka samuh hai, jismen ek vishesh prakar ki urja hoti hai. is urja ka prabhav keval vyaktiyon par hi nahin balki anya jiv jantuon v vastuon par bhi parta hai.
jivan men aisi anek sthitiyan ati hain jab vyakti kisi vanshanugat athva sankramak rog se is prakar pirit ho jata hai ki use jivan dubhar lagne lagta hai. rituon ke parivartan adi karnon se vah svasth aur asvasth hota rahta hai. in rogon se mukti dilane men mantra sahayak hote hain. ab to chikitsa vigyan ke kuch vidvan bhi inki mahÿaa svikar karne lage hain.
sfatik chikitsa sfatik ka kai rupon men istemal kiya jata hai. ise gale men ek nekles ya kanon men karnaful ki tarah bhi pahan sakte hain. yah pratyek vyakti ke lie labhdayak hai. chumbakiya shakti ke adhar par vishva ka sanchalan hota hai. manav sharir bhi iska ek bhag hai. manav sharir ka apna ek chumbakiya kshetra hota hai.
ek svasth sharir men vyapt koshikaon ke samuh men badha parne par bimariyan paida ho jati hain, jo kabhi-kabhi ghatak bhi ho jati hain. chumbakiya paddhati ke dvara ilaj karne par chumbak ke prabhav se bimari ke dauran sharir ke tantuon ke badhit gun dharm samanya ho jate hain aur rakt sharir men sucharu rup se ghumta hai tatha shiraon evan dhamniyon men atirikt kolestrael, kailshiyam, gandgi adi ko bahar nikal deta hai.
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