jiv ke parlaukik jivan ko nirdharit karne vale yamraj jab svayan jivan, mrityu, atma ke punragaman, purvajanm evan punarjanm adi ke bare men batayen to is sanbandh men isse adhik pramanik vivaran aur kya hoga. ek bar maharshi uddalak ne yash ki kamna se vishvajit namak yagya kiya.
is yagya men yagyakarta ko apna sarvasva dan kar dena hota hai, islie rishi uddalak ne bhi apni samast sanpatti dan kar di to unke putra nachiketa ne apne pita se pucha ki jab apne samast sanpatti dan kar di hai to mujhe kisko dan men degen kyonki main bhi to apka dhan hun. is par rishi pita ne koi uttar nahin diya parantu nachiketa bar-bar yahi prashn pita se karne lage to rishi uddalak ko krodh a gaya aur unhonne krodh men kah diya ki main tumhen mrityu ko dan karta hun.
is par nachiketa sochne lage ki mrityu mera dan lekar kya karegi. nachiketa ne socha ki pita ne mujhe dan men mrityu ko de diya hai to mujhe uske pas jana chahie aur unhonne mrityu ke pas jane ki pita se agya mangi, tab rishi ko mahsus hua ki krodh men unke munh se kya anarth nikal gaya hain.
parantu nachiketa ke barabar hath karne par unhonne nachiketa ko yamraj ke pas jane diya. jab nachiketa yam ke dvar pahunche to gyat hua ki yamraj kahin bahar gaye hue the tab vah harakar vahin par baithakar bina kuch khaye-piye pratiksha karne laga.
tin din vyatit hone par jab yamraj vapas aye to unki patni ne bataya ki ek tejasvi brahman putra tin din se bina kuch khaye-piye apki pratiksha kar raha hai. yah sunakar yamraj nachiketa ke pas pahunche. yam ne pucha ki he brahman putra, ap kaun hain tatha tin din se kis karan anashan kiye baithe hain.
yahan ane ka prayojan kya hai. mujhse bahut bara pap ho gaya hai, ap iske badle mujhse koi tin var mang sakte hain. tab nachiketa ne pita ke ghar ka sanpurn vrittant yamraj ko sunaya. nachiketa ne yamraj dvara diye gaye tin varon men se pahla var yah manga ki pita ka krodh shant ho jae tatha unko drishti prapt ho.
dvitiya var ke rup men nachiketa ne ''svarg agni vigyan'' ka rahasya batane ka var manga. tab yamraj ne agni vidya rahasya jo svarg ko prapt karane vali hoti hai ka svarup, kundadi banane ki prakriya, vidhi adi samjhai aur kaha ki aj se yah vidya tumhare nam se hi nachiketagni ke nam se jani jayegi.
iske pashchat nachiketa ne tisre var ke rup men punarjanm evan atma ka rahasya batane ko kaha. mrityu ke bad bhi atma ka astitva rahta hai ya nahin rahta, is vishay men gyan den. yamraj is prashn ko sunakar bahut hataprabh huye. unhonne anek pralobhan dekar nachiketa se is vishay ko n janne ka agrah kiya, parantu nachiketa ading rahe.
jab yamraj ne dekha ki nachiketa kisi prakar man nahin rahe hain tab vivash hokar yamraj ne bataya. yah atmatatva atyant sukshm hai. isko samjhna bara kathin hai. purva men devtaon ko bhi iska sandeh hua tha. manushya sharir dusri yoniyon ki bhanti keval karmon ka fal bhogne ke lie hi nahin mila hai, is yoni men manushya bhavishya men (punarjanm hone par) sukh dene vale sadhan ka bhi anushthan kar sakta hai.
bahut se manushya punarjanm men vishvas n hone ke karan is par vichar hi nahin karte tatha ve sasanrik bhogon men lipt hokar apne dev durlabh manushya jivan ko pashuvat bhogon ko bhogne men hi samapt kar dete hain. kintu jin manushyon ko punarjanm aur parlok men vishvas hota hai, ve samne ane vale shrey aur prey donon ke gun-doshon par vichar kar donon ko alg-alag samjhne ka prayas karte hain.
jo manushya shreshth buddhiman hota hai vah in donon ke tatvon ko samajhakar nir-kshir vivek ke anusar prey ki upeksha karke shrey ko hi grahan karta hai. parantu jinmen vivek-shakti ka lop hota hai, ve shrey ke fal men avishvas karke pratyaksh dikhai dene vale laukik yogakshem ki siddhi ke lie prey ko grahan karte hain.
is prakar yamraj ne nachiketa ko janm, mrityu, purvajanm tatha punarjanm ka rahasya batane ke bad uski lagan evan nishtha ko dekhakar parmatm tatva 'un' ke bare men bhi batate hue kaha. samast ved anekon prakar se aur anekon chandon se jiska pratipadan karte hain, sanpurn tap adi sadhnon ka jo ek matra param lakshya hai tatha jisko pane ki kamna se sadhak nishthapurvak brahmacharya ka anushthan karte hain, us purushottam ishvar ka param tatva 'un' hai, yahi 'un' paramabrahm parmatma ki prapti ka shreshth avalamban hai.
atma ke shuddh svarup aur uski nityata ka varnan karte hue yamraj ne bataya ''jivatma nitya chetan v gyan svarup hai. anitya, vinashi jar sharir aur bhogon se iska koi sanbandh nahin hai. yah anadi evan anant, hai yah sharir ke nash hone par bhi nahin marti hai tatha karmon ke anusar agle janm men punah naya sharir dharan karti hai.''
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