jyotish men grahnon ka bahut mahatva hai kyonki unka sidha prabhav manav jivan par dekha jata hai. chandrama ke prithvi ke sabse najdik hone ke karan uske gurutvakarshan ka sabse adhik prabhav parta hai. isi karan purnima ke din samudra men sabse adhik jvar ate hain aur grahan ke din unka prabhav aur adhik ho jata hai.
bhukanp bhi gurutvakarshan ke ghatne aur barhne ke karan hi ate hain. yahi bhukanp yadi samudra ke tal men ate hanai, to sunami men badal jate hain. bhukanp, tufan, sunami adi men vaise to surya, budh, shukra aur mangal ka prabhav dekha gaya hai lekin chandrama ka prabhav vishesh hai evan grahan ka prabhav aur bhi vishesh hai. grahan adhikashantah kisi n kisi ane vali vipda ko darshate hain.
yah to sarvavidit hi hai ki chandra grahan, purnima aur surya grahan, amavasya ke din parte hain. lekin pratyek purnima ya amavasya ke din aisa nahin hota kyonki surya, rahu ya ketu ke sath nahin hota jiske karan chandrama, surya aur prithvi ki rekha se upar ya niche rah jata hai. prithvi, chandra aur surya ki jo sthiti grahan deti hai vah nimn rekhachitra men darshaya gaya hai.
grahan parne ke kuch niyam vishesh hain:
- prithvi ki chaya adhikatam 859000 mil tak jati hai jabki chandrama keval 1 lakh mil se bhi kam ki duri par sthit hai.
- surya grahan kabhi bhi puri prithvi par drishtigochar nahin hota. chandra grahan adhikatar prithvi ke purn patal par dikhai deta hai.
- ek varsh men adhikatam 7 grahan ho sakte hain- char surya evan tin chandra ya panch surya evan do chandra grahan.
- chandra grahan surya grahan se kam hote hain, lekin surya grahan ke mukable chandrama prithvi ki chaya se adhik bar dhak jata hai.
- purn chandra grahan adhikatam 1= ghante ka hota hai. is madhya chandrama 52 kala age tak chala jata hai.
- surya grahan purn, valyakar aur anshik tin prakar ke hote hanai. valyakar men chandrama surya ke madhya par se gujrta hai, lekin chandrama ke charon or se surya ki roshni ati rahti hai.
- chandra grahan tabhi hota hai jab surya 9 din ke andar ketu ke upar gochar karne vala ho.
- chandra jab rahu aur ketu ke upar se gujrta hai evan surya rahu, ketu se 12.1° ke andar hota hai to chandra grahan hota hai. yadi surya 9.5° ke andar hota hai to purn grahan hota hai.
- surya grahan jab hota hai tab surya rahu ya ketu se 18.5° dur hota hai. 15.4° ke andar hone par purn ya valyakar grahan hota hai.
jis tarikh ko purnima ya amavasya hoti hai usi tarikh ko 19 varsh pashchat vahi tithi hoti hai. ise lakshan (metonic cycle) kahte hain. is avdhi men chandra ke 235 chakra evan prithvi ke 19 chakra purn ho jate hain.
- grahan 18 varsh 11 din pashchat punah usi shrinkhla men ate hain kyonki is avdhi men chandrama ke 223 chakra evan rahu se surya ke 19 chakra purn ho jate hain. yah chandra chakra (saros cycle) kahlata hai.
vistrit lekh padhne ke liye yahan klik karen: surya grahan 2020
surya tatha chandra grahan kal ke shubhashubh kritya
chandra grahan jis prahar men ho usse purva ke tin prahron men tatha surya grahan se pahle char pahron men bhojan nahin karna chahie. keval vriddh jan, balak aur rogi is nishedh kal men bhojan kar sakte hain, unke lie bhojan ka nishedh nahin hai. grahan kal men apne aradhya dev ke japadi karne se anant guna fal ki prapti hoti hai. grahan kal ki samapti ke pashchat ganga adi pavitra nadiyon men snan karne se akshay punya ki prapti hoti hai.
shastron ke anusar grahan ke samay diya hua dan, jap, tirth, snanadi ka fal anek guna hota hai. lekin yadi ravivar ko surya grahan evan chandravar ko chandragrahan ho, to fal koti guna hota hai. adhyatmik sadhna ke kshetra men yantra-mantra siddhi sadhna ke lie grahan kal ka apna vishesh mahatva hai. chandragrahan ki apeksha surya grahan ka samay mantra siddhi, sadhnadi ke lie adhik siddhidayak mana jata hai.