prashnah surya grahan aur chandra grahan ka prabhav jatak ki kundli par kis prakar dekha ja sakta hai? is prakar ki avdhi kis prakar nishchit ki jati hai? iske dushprabhavon se bachne ke liye kya-kya upay aur kab kiye jane chahie? surya grahan tatha chandra grahan ka manav jivan par parne vale shubhashubh prabhavon ka vaidik kal se hi varnan prapt hota hai. puranon men is vishay par vistrit charcha milti hai. mahabharat men bhi yuddhakal men hue grahnon tatha unke ashubh prabhavotpadkta ka vishad varnan hua hai. grahan ke karan utpann ashubh falon ke nash ke lie surya tatha chandra grahan ke samay snan, havan, dev-pujan tatha danadi ka vishesh mahatva bataya gaya hai.
kundli par suryagrahan v chandragrahan ka prabhav: jyotish ki drishti men surya v chandrama ka bahut mahatvapurn sthan hai kyonki surya ko jagat ki atma v chandrama ko man mana jata hai tatha grahan ke samay surya v chandrama rahu ke dushprabhav men hone se durbal sthiti men hote hain grahan ka prabhav prithvi par pratyek jiv par parta hai. grahan ke samay pure saurmandal men vikar utpann ho jata hai. surya ka prakash hi prithvi par jivan ka karya karta hai. atah surya ki kirnon ke abhav men sabhi vyaktiyon ko vyakulta pratit hoti hai tatha hanikarak tarange bhi is samay men niklti hain. chandragrahan men bhi ratri men chandrama ki roshni ke abhav men man vyakul hota hai. nishachar prani isse vishesh prabhavit hote hain. jyotish ki drishti men grahan ek ashubh ghatna to hai parantu iska dushprabhav kisi vyakti par adhik kisi par madhyam v kisi par samanya hota hai. grahan jis rashi men v nakshatra men banta hai us rashi ke jatkon par grahan ka vishesh prabhav parta hai atah kisi hani ka suchak ho sakta hai. anya prabhav: din men chandragrahan ho raha ho to vah shubhafalad nahin mana gaya hai.
isi prakar ratri men hua suryagrahan bhi nishprabhavi hota hai- ‘‘diva chandragho ratrau suryaparvan n punyajam. sandhisthan punyadan gyaeyan yavaddarshagocharam..’’ jis rashi men grahan ho raha hai usi ke adhar par manushyon ko shubhashubh falon ki prapti hoti hai. jyotishshastra ke gochar prakaran men is vishay par vishesh prakash dala gaya hai. janm ki rashi ka grahan ya janm rashi se dasvin, gyarhvin tatha chathi rashi ka grahan shubh mana jata hai. jabki janm rashi se panchvi, satvin, dusri tatha navin rashi men hua grahan madhyam mana gaya hai. grahan yadi janm rashi se barhvin, athvin tatha chaithi, rashi men hua ho to yah grahan nasht hota hai. isi sandarbh men muhutrtachintamni men kaha gaya hai
- ‘janmakrshe nidhnan grahe janibhto ghatah kshatiah shri vryatha chinta saukhyakalatradausthyamrityah syurmannashah sukham. labho'pay iti kramattadashubhadhvastyai japah svarnago- danan shantirtho grahan tvashubhdan no vikshyamahuah pare..’’ arthat janmarashi men grahan lagne se sharir pira, dusri rashi men kshati v dravyanash, tisri men lakshmilabh, chaithi men sharirpira, panchvi men putradikon ki chinta, chathi rashi men sukh prapti, satvin rashi men stri-maran, athvin men apna maran, navam rashi men man ka nash, dasham men sukh, ekadash rashi men labh aur janm rashi se dvadash rashi men grahan hone par mrityu hoti hai. is vishay par ek anya mat prapt hota hai. ‘‘grasattritiye'shtamagashchaturthast thayasankhyashubhdah svarashiah. sutankadvigdvadashagashch madhya tathadhamashchadyaripudvisapta..’’ arthat jis rashi men grahan ho usse 3, 8, 4, 11 men svarashi ho to shubhafalad hota hai. 5, 9, 10, 12 men svarashi ke hone par madhyam aur 1, 6, 2, 7 men apni rashi ho to dushit falkarak hota hai. spasht hai ki grahan sanbandhi vibhinn vidvanon ke maton men kafi bhinnta pai jati hai. parantu nakshatra sanbandhi faladesh men samast vidvan ekamat hain. sabhi kahte hain ki yadi janmanakshatra par surya ya chandragrahan hota hai to nishchit rup se anisht falaprad hota hai.
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janmanakshatra men hua grahan jatak ko rog, bhay, dhanakshay ke sath-sath mrityu ka bhay bhi utpann karta hai. yasya vai janmanakshatre grasyete shashibhaskarau. tasya vyadhibhyan ghoran janmarashau dhanakshayah.. -vashishth sanhita grahan ke prabhav ki avdhi jab bhi grahan hota hai to grahan ke sparsh se purva hi iska prabhav praranbh ho jata hai. ise sutak kal kahte hain. chandra grahan men sparsh se 9 ghante pahle v surya grahan men 12 ghante pahle sutak praranbh ho jate hain. grahan ke sparsh se moksh tak ke samay men bhojan banana, khana, sona, murti sparsh adi varnit hota hai tatha bina kisi upakaran ke akash ki or dekhna bhi hanikarak hota hai. ‘‘grahan ke samay jo vyakti kundli ke anusar grahan ke vishesh prabhav men ate hain aisa avashyak nahin ke grahan kal men hi unhen tatkal dushparinam mil jayen agrim ek mas tak grahan ke prabhav se vyakti prabhavit hota hai tatha kuch maton ke anusar chah mas tak bhi grahan apna fal de sakta hai. jab grahan purn hota hai arthat chandrama yadi surya ki apeksha prithvi ke najdik hota hai aur grahan kal adhik hota hai to uska prabhav lanbe samay tak vyakti ko prabhavit karta hai. iske viprit yadi chandrama, prithvi ki tulna men surya ke adhik najdik hota hai, to surya men purn grahan ke samay surya ek valay (ring) ke rup men dikhai deta hai, arthat purn grahan nahin hota hai to uska prabhav kam samay tak rahta hai.
grahan janya anisht fal kab grahan ke karan jin anisht athva shubh falon ki utpatti hoti hai, un shubhashubh falon ki prapti grahan se chah mas paryant tak ho jata hain ‘‘ghatan hanimath shriyan jannbhaddhvasnit ch chinti kramatsaukhyan darviyojnan ch kurute vyadhin ch manakshayam. siddhin labhmpayamarkashashinoah shanmasamadhye grahah..’’ -daivagyamanohar grahanajanya arishtanashak upay: grahan ke karan utpann ashubh falon ke nash hetu vibhinn upay batae gae hain. iske atirikt grahan kal men snan, jap, dan, tatha shraddh ka vishisht mahatva hai- ‘‘yasmin rashau tapnshshinoah sinhikasunumardah tadrashyanan bhavti niyatan grampunsan vinashah. tasyamachchantin munibhirudita tatpatalokpurvan kuryadanadibhirah nrinan nashmayatyarishtam..’’
1. snan: surya athva chandra grahan hone se samast varn ke logon ko sutak hota hai atah sutak se nivrit hoene ke lie snan avashyak hota hai. ‘‘sarveshamev varnanan sutkan rahudarshane. sachail tu bhavetsnanan sutkannan vivarjayet..’’ snan hetu tirthon ke jal ka vishisht mahatva hota hai. gangasagar sangam par kiya gaya snan anek janmon ke papon ka nashak hota hai. grahan kal ke praranbh hote hi snan kar lena chahie. jab tak grahan kal rahe tab tak puja-path, dan adi karna chahie. grahan kal men aushdhi snan ka bhi vishisht mahatva hai.
2. pujn: grahan kal men puja hetu-vishesh dushit grahan shanti upay karne chahie. iske lie sarvapratham char brahm ghanton ki sthapna karke unmen charon samudron ki bhavna karni chahie. saptamrittika ko kalash men chorakar punah panchagavya, shuddh moti, rochna, kamal, shankh, pancharatn, shashthik, safed chandan, tirth jal aur panch pallavon ko ghare men chorakar nimnalikhit mantra parhen. ‘‘sarve samudraah saritastirthani jaldandaah. ayantu mam shantyarthan duritakshayakarkaah..’’ fir vyahriti se ek hajar ath (1008) ahuti til se havan karke punah grahndosh nashak stuti ka path karke snan karya karna chahie. iske bad bhi grahan ke samay ko bitakar purva mukh hokar apne isht devta ka dhyan pujan v namaskar karke chandra athva surya grahan ke nivritt hone par snan danadi se pavitra hokar brahman ko samathryanusar dakshina dekar santusht karen.
3. dan: grahan kal men kie gae dan ka vishisht mahattva hota hai. grahan kal men die gae dan ka punya kabhi kshin nahin hota hai - ‘‘chandrasuryagrahe chaiv marne putrajanmani. malmase'pi deyansvaddattamakshayakarakam..’’ mahabharat men bhi kaha gaya hai ki grahan kal men bhumi, ganv, sona, dhanya aur abhishtit samast vastuon ka svakalyan hetu dan dena chahie. grahnkal men gay ke dan se suryalok prapti, bail ke dan se shivlok ki, suvarn dan se aishvaryata ki, sarp ke dan se bhumi shasak, ghore ke dan se baikunth lok ki, punah sarp se brahmalok ki, bhumi dan se rajapad ki or ann dan karne se samast sukhon ki prapti hoti hai. isi prakar vastra dan se yash ki, chandi ke dan se sundar svarup ki, faldan se putraprapti ki, ghrit ke dan se saubhagya ki, namak ke dan se shatrunash ki tatha hathi ke dan se bhumi ke svamitva ki prapti hoti hai. surya-chandra grahan se sanbandhit shastranumodit kathn: grahan men churamni yog: ravivare suryagrahashchandravare chandragrahah. churamni sangyastatra danadik manant falam.. arthat ravivar ko suryagrahan aur somvar ko chandragrahan ho, to vah churamni yog hota hai, usmen dan adi ka anant fal hota hai.
grahanasparshakale snan madhye homah surarchanam. shraddhan ch muchyamane danan mukte snanmiti kramah. arthat grahan men sparsh ke samay snan, madhya men hom aur devpujan aur grahan moksh ke samay men shraddh aur ann, vastra, dhanadi ka dan aur sarvamukt hone par snan karen- yah kram hai. tirthadi jal snan ka mahatva tatra snan jaleshu taratamyam.. shitmushnodkatpunyamparakyan parodkat. bhumishthamuddhritatpunyan tatah prasravnodakam.. tato'pi sarsan punyan tatah punyan nadijalam. tatastirthanadi ganga punyatpunyastato'mbudhiah’’ iti.. snan ke jalon men taratamya (nyunadhik bhave) hai ki ushn jal se shitajal pavitra hain, paraye jal se apna jal kup (kuan) vapi adi se nikale hue jal se bhumi men sthit jal shreshth hota hai aur usse jharne ka jal shreshth hai, usse bhi talab ka pavitra hai aur usse nadi ka jal tatha nadi ka jal tatha nadi ke jal se tirth ki nadi gangajal pavitra hain evan usse bhi samudra jal pavitra hain, grahan men kapre pahne-pahne snan karen.. sarveshamev varnanan sutkan rahu darshane arthat grahan men sab varnon ko sutak hota hai.
ten grahnkale spasht vastradeah kshaltadina shuddhiah karya .. grahan ke samay dharan kiye hue vastra adi ko grahan ke prashchat prakshalan (dhokr) evan shuddh karke dharan karen. supatra ko dan: satpatre danatpunyatishyah . tapovidhobhay yuktan mukhyan danpatram.. danan dvigunan brahmanabuve.. shrotriye shatsahasra patre tvanantyamashnute.. arthat supatra ko dan dene se adhik punya hota hai. tap aur vidya donon se jo yukt hai, vah dan ka mukhya patra hota hain. iske alava brahman ko diya dan dviguna hota hai. vedpathi brahman ko dan lakshaguna hota hai. supatra ko diya gaya dan anant fal deta hain. grahan men shraddhadi ka vichar: surya-chandra grahan ke samay snan, dan, jap evan shiv pujan tatha mata-pita ka shraddh avashya karna chahiye. jo vyakti jan-bujhakar shraddh karya nahin karta, vah apne katrtavya se patit hokar pap ka bhagi hota hai.
chandrasurya grahe yastu snanan danan shivarchanam. n karoti pituah shraddhan s narah patito bhavet.. sarva bhumisman danan sarve brahm sama dvijaah. sarva gangasman toyan grahne natrasshany.. arthat grahnkal men diya gaya dan bhumidan ke saman fal karta hai. sabhi dvij brahman saman ho jate hain tatha sab jal gangajal ke saman pavitra karne vale ho jate hain. grahan dine pitradeah varshik shraddh praptau sati sambhave'nnai karyam. brahmanadyalabhenasambhave tvamen hemna va karyam.. - arthat grahan ke din athva grahan sutak men pita adi ka varshik shraddh prapt ho jaye, to us sthiti men sanbhav ho, to pakaye gaye ann se hi shraddh karen. yadi brahman adi n milne ke karan n ho sake, to fir apakva ann (ata, chaval, dal ghi) fal, vastra, dhanadi se evan suvarnadi ke dan se shraddh karya karen. sanpann vyakti tula dan adi bhi kar sakte hain. samanyatah grahan evan grahan ke sutak kal men paka hua ann tyajya mana gaya hai.
vedhkale grahne pakvamannan tyajyam. sutak men, mrityukal men, surya-chandra grahnkal men jo vyakti bhojan karta hai, uski agle janm men purush yoni nahin hoti - arthat vah nikrisht yoni prapt karta hai. sutke mritke bhukte grihite shashi bhaskare. chayayan hastinashchaiv n bhuyah purusho bhavet.. kuch vishesh upay: grahan kal men sparsh praranbh hote hi snan, surya-chandra ke purn grasit hone par havan, moksh ki taraf barhne par dan aur grahan se moksh ho jane par punah snan karna chahie. maharshi garg ne iska samarthan karte hue kaha hai- ‘‘sparshe snanan bhaveddhomo grastayormuchyamanyoah. danan syanmuktaye snanan grahe chandrarkayorvidhiah..’’ grahan kal men snan ke lie prayukt jal men bhumisth jal se jharna, jharna se sarovar, sarovar se nadi ka jal, nadi se tirth ka jal, tirth jal se yamuna jal, yamuna ke jal se ganga aur ganga jal se samudra sangam ka jal vishesh punya dene vala hota hai. matsyapurana men kaha gaya hai ki ganga aur samudra ke sangam men snan se das janm ka kiya hua pap nasht ho jata hai. jabki surya athva chandra grahan ke sath gangasagar men kie gae snan se hajaron janmon se samuparjit pap nasht ho jate hain.- ‘‘dashajanmakritan papan gangasagarasangame. janmantarasahastreshu yatpapan samuparjitam.. tattannashyetsannihatyan rahugraste divakre.’’ grahan kal men aushdhi snan ka bhi vishesh mahatva hai.
aushdhi snan hetu durva, khas, shilajit, siddharth, sarvoshdhi, daru, lodhra adi aushdhiyon ko jal men dalakar, punah usse snan karne se grahanajanya anisht ka nash hota hai. snanoprant nimnalikhit stotra ka 11 bar path karna chahie- yo'sau vajradhro dev adityanan prayatnatah. sahasranynah shakro grahpiran vyapohtu.. chatuah shringah saptahastah tripado meshvahnah. agnishchandropragotthan grahpiran vyapohtu.. yah karmasakshi lokanan dharmo mahishvahnah. yamashchandropragotthan grahpiran vyapohtu.. rakshognadhipah sakshatpralyanalasannibhah. khadgacharmatikayashch rakshahpidan vyapohtu.. nagpashdhro devah sada makrvahnah. varunombuptiah sakshadgrahpiran vyapohtu.. pranrupo hi lokanan charukrishnamrigapriyah. vayushchandropragotthagrahpiran vyapohtu.. yo'sau nidhiptirdevah khadgashulgdadhrah. chandropragklushan dhando'tra vyapohtu.. yo'sauvindudhro devah pinaki vrishvahnah. chandropragjan piran s nashytu shankrah.. tailokye yani bhutani sthavrani charani ch. brahmavishnvarkayuktani tani papan dahantu me.. amantrane lekhne chapyete pujanamantrakaah. archayitva pitrindevan gobhusvarnavaradibhiah.. anen vidhina yastu grahasnanan samachret. n tasya grahpira syadyanabandhudhanakshayah.. parma siddhimapnoti punravrittidurlabham. suryagrahepyevmev suryanamna vidhiyate.. yah stotra grahanajanya samast arishton ka sahaj hi nash kar deta hai. iske alava kanse ke bartan men dahi, shahad, ras tatha chandi ke chandrama ko dhakakar ek hajar safed fulon se pujan karna chahie.
jabki surya grahan ke samay tanbe ke patra men dahi, ghi aur shahad bharakar punah usmen sone ka bana surya binb dalakakar ek hajar lal pushpon se surya ka pujan karna chahie. dan karne yogya vastuon men gay, bhumi, bail, svarn, ann, vastra, ghi ityadi prashast hain. in vastuon ke dan se prithak-prithak shubh falon ki prapti hoti hai. parantu grahan kal men svarn ka dan to vishesh rup se karna chahie-
‘‘godanan bhumidanan ch svarnadanan visheshtah. grahnekleshnashay daivagyay nivedyet..’’ nimnalikhit mantra ke uchcharan ke sath apne samathrya ke anusar sone ya chandi ka sarp jyotishi ko dan men dena chahie- ‘‘tapomay mahabhim somsurya vimardan. hemnagapradanen mam shanti pradobhav..’’ grahan kal men satpatron ko dan dekar rahujanya doshon se bhi mukti pai ja sakti hai.