hamare saur mandal men shani surya se chathe kram ka grah hai. bara grah hone ki drishti se yah shani grah saur mandal men dusre kram par ata hai. sabse bara guru grah hota hai aur dusre kram men shani grah hota hai. shani grah gais ke bare gole ke rup men hai aur iski trijya ;tnkpneddh prithvi se lagabhag nau guni hai. bhar ki drishti se prithvi se lagabhag 95 guna bhari hai jabki prithvi ke ghanatva ka lagabhag 1/8van bhag hai. shani ka nam ‘shani’ krishi karya ke roman devta ke nam ke upar para hai.
iska khagoliya pratik chihn ( ) jo ki hansiya ke saman hota hai, yah hansiya krishi karyon men fasal katne ke kam ata hai. shani ki bhitri satah sanbhvtah lohe aur nikal tatha silikan aur aeksijan se bani chattan ke dvara bani hai aur yah bhitri satah ke upar dhatvik haidrojan se bani satah hai. madhya vali satah dravit haidrojan aur dravit hiliyam gais se bani hai aur ant men sabse upri satah drav rup men aur bahri satah gais ke rup men bani hai. shani grah ka rang halka pila aur safed rang amoniya ke kristal ke karan hai. dhatvik haidrojan men vidyut tarangon ki satah ke karan shani grah men chunbkiya kshetra prithvi ki tulna men kam hai.
lekin chunbkiya chal prithvi ki tulna men 580 guni adhik hai aur aisa shani ke bare saij ke karan hai. guru ki tulna men shani ki chunbkiya shakti matra 20van hissa hai. shani par hava ki tivrata 1800 kimi./pratighanta tak hai jo ki guru ki tulna men kam hai tatha nepchyun ki tulna men shani ki gati kam hai. shani par chalne vali havaon ki gati saur mandal ke sabhi grahon ke dusre kram ki gati hai. shani mukhya rup se challe ki paddhati par adharit hai. ismen 9 sanpurn mukhya challe hain jabki 3 vikhandit rup men chap ke rup men hain. shani grah mukhya rup se barf ke kanon se bana hai aur kuch thora sa hissa pathrile malbe se ya dhul ke rup men bana hai aur iski apni kaksha paddhati hai. ismen kul 62 chandrama hain, jinmen se 53 chandramaon ke adhikarik rup se nam hain. ye chandrama unmen shamil nahin hai jo ki shani ka valay (ring) banate hain.
ve to saikron chote chandrama se milakar bana hai. shani ke sabse bare chandra ka nam ‘taitn’ hai. yah taitan saur mandal ke budh grah se bhi bara hai lekin iska vajan budh se kam hai. saurmandal men keval chandrama par hi vanchit vatavaran upalabdh hai. surya aur shain ke bich ausat duri 1.4 arab kimi. ke lagabhag ya usse bhi jyada hai. shani apni kaksha men ausat gati 9.69 kimi/sekend ki gati se 10759 din ya lagabhag sarhe 29 varshon men surya ke charon or ek chakkar pura karta hai. shani ki kaksha dirghavrittakar rup men prithvi ke aksh se 20 48’ par jhuki hui hai. vaigyanikon ke adhar par shani ki ghurnan gati tin prakar ki mante hain. pahli paddhati ke anusar apne aksh par 10 ghante 14 minat ke samay men pura hota hai. dusri paddhati ke adhar par ghurnan samay 10 ghante 38 minat aur 25 sekend hai. paddhati-3 ke anusar shani ki antrik ghurnan gati 10 ghante 39 minat 22 sekend ka samay leti hai.
kyonki paddhati-3, paddhati-2 ke bich bahut kam antar hai, isliye is tisri paddhati ko chor dete hain. san 2007 men paya gaya ki shani se rediyo utsarjan ho raha tha, lekin vah shani ki ghurnan gati se mel nahin khata tha jiska karan sanbhvtah shani grah ke upar pani ki vashp ke karan samasya rahi ho. shani ek aisa grah hai jo samanya rup se nangi ankhon se prithvi se dekha ja sakta hai. yah panch bahya grahon men se ek hai kyonki yah chamkdar grah hai. 17 disanbar 2002 men shani ko prithvi ke anurup hone ke karan sabse adhik chamkdar dekha gaya tha. shani ki antrik satah bahut garm hai jiska tapman 11,700 digri sentigred tak pahunch jata hai.
shani ke vakri rahne ki avdhi lagabhag sarhe char mahine ki hoti hai aur lagabhag 1 varsh men ek bar hi shani vakri hota hai. jabki iske ast hone ki avdhi lagabhag ek mahina hoti hai. shani surya ke charon or apni kaksha men lagabhag 30 varshon men ek chakkar pura kar leta hai. is prakar ek rashi men dhai varsh rahta hai. ek rashi ka tatparya 300 hoga. arthat shani ko 300 jane men 30 mah ka samay lagta hai. dusre shabdon men kah sakte hain ki 10 chalne men shani ko 1 mahina arthat 30 din ka samay lagta hai. is prakar shani ki brahmand men ausat gati 2’ pratidin hoti hai. lekin jab shani vakri se margi gati men parivartit hota hai to yah gati 5’ pratidin tak tivratam pahunch jati hai jabki vakri gati ki sthiti men yah nyunatam ausatan 1’ pratidin ya isse bhi kam sthir avastha tak pahunch jati hai.
jab bhi prithvi ghumte-ghumte kisi grah ke najdik a jati hai to grah ki chal vakri ho jati hai. grah ki vakri gati tab tak rahti hai jab tak prithvi v grah ke bich ki koniya duri 1350 tak rahti hai. yah prithvi ke andar v bahar vali kaksha men ghumne vale sabhi grahon par lagu hoti hai. yahi karan hai ki shani ki vakrata ka samay sarhe char mahine arthat 30 g 4n5 mah = 135 din hota hai. yadi shani ki gati naganya man li jay to prithvi surya ke charon or 1350 ghumne men 135 din arthat 4.5 mahine ka hi samay leti hai. jab-jab yah shani grah vakri hota hai tab-tab iska bal barh jata hai ya dusre shabdon men kah sakte hain ki adhik prabhavshali ho jata hai.
arthat jin kundliyon men shani anukul hota hai to jatak ko bahut labh aur yadi pratikul hai to bahut ashubh fal deta hai. shani chahe shubh fal de raha ho ya ashubh fal de raha ho, vakri shani ki takat barh jati hai. han ast hone par shani ka bal hamesha kam hi rahega. sath hi shani jab gochar men sarhesati ke dauran vakri hota hai to nirnayatmak fal de deta hai jo ki sabse khatrnak sthiti hoti hai. vishesh taur par jab jatak ka lagn ya rashi sinh ya kark ho jae to aur bhi hanikarak ya prabhavshali ho jata hai.