panch angon ka sanyog : panchang do. ashok sharma panchang shabd do shabdon ki sandhi se bana hai- panch tatha ang jiska shabdik arth hota hai panch angon vala. ye panch ang hain tithi, var, nakshatra, yog tatha karan. har bhartiya panchag men in panchon angon ka samavesh hota hai. bhartiya panchang ki ganna atyant sukshm hoti hai. bhartiya ganit ke anusar panchang ki ganna ke mukhay panch bhag hain - saur, chandra, sayan, nakshatra tatha barhaspatya. saur : saur ki ganna nimnanusar tin bhagon men ki jati hai. jis kalavdhi men surya mesh se min rashiyon tak ka safar karta hai, use saur varsh kahte hain.
jitne dinon tak surya ek rashi men bhraman karta hai, use saur mas kahte hain. jis kal khand men pratyek ansh ka bhog surya karta hai, use saur din kahte hain. chandra : ek purnima se agli purnima ki avdhi ko chandra mas kahte hain. narmada nadi ke dakshin tat ke hisse men mas ki amavasya se agli amavasya tak ganna ki jati hai. ek suryoday se dusre suryoday ki avdhi ko sayan din kaha jata hai. nakshatra : nakshatra ka man 60 ghari ke tulya hota hai. barhaspastya : ek varsh ki avdhi jismen 365 din, 15 ghari, 30 pal tatha 22.5 vipal hote hain. barhaspatya ko punah panch bhagon men banta gaya hai - tithi, nakshatra, var, yog tatha karan. yahi panchang ke mul ang hain.
panchang ko tithi patrak, jantri, mitipatal adi bhi kaha jata hai. tithi : tithi ki ganna ka akalan chandra ki gati se kiya jata hai. chandra ka ek kala ya lagabhag 120 ke ausatan gati se surya se age nikal jana hi tithi kahlati hai. nakshatra : rashichakra ko, jise krantivritt bhi kaha jata hai, 27 bhagon men banta gaya hai, jinhen nakshatra kaha jata hai. sava do nakshatra ki ek rashi hoti hai. is prakar 27 nakshatron ki 12 rashiyan hoti hain.
var : var sat hote hain - ravi, som, mangal, budh guru shukra tatha shani. bhartiya panchangon men prachin kal ki avdharnanusar var suryoday se aranbh hota hai aur agle suryoday tak rahta hai. yog : yog ka arth hai do ya do se adhik sankhyaon ka jor. yog ki kul sankhya 27 hai jinhen alg-alag namon se jana jata hai. kuch yog shreshth hote hain, to kuch shubh, kuch samanya, to kuch atinesht. karan : karan ko panchang ka mahatvapurn ang mana jata hai. tithi ke adhe bhag ko karan kaha jata hai.
karnon ki sankhya gyarah hoti hai. bav, balav, kaulav, taitil, gar, vanij tatha vishti char aur shakuni, chatushpad, nag tatha kistughn sthir karan hote hain. vishti karan ko bhadra kaha jata hai jismen achche se achcha muhurt bhi dushprabhavi ho jata hai. shastron ke anusar bhadra men shubh karya varjit hai kintu iska upyog tantra ke shatakarmon men aur vishesh paristhitiyon men nyayalay sanbandhi tatha chunav karyon men vishesh rup se kiya jata hai.