purva, pashchim, uttar aur dakshin desh ke char dishaon men char dhamon ki sthapna kar unki yatra ko anivarya banane ke piche ek vrihat uddeshya hai. pure desh ko ek sutra men bandhne aur ek dusre ki kala-sanskriti se parichit karane ka yah prayas aj bhi utna hi prasangik hai. in char dhamon ki yatra ke dauran marg men kai samajik, sanskritik evan bhaugolik prishthabhumiyon ki jankari desh ko janne-samjhne ki bauddhi k yatra bhi ban sakti hai. aie janen unki prasiddhi ka raj...
badrinath shiv avtar adi guru shankracharya ne sanatan dharm ki pratishtha ke lie badrinath, dvarkapuri, jagannathpuri v rameshvaram char dhamon men char pith sthapit kie. in char dhamon men badrinath uttar men sthit hai. aisi manyata hai ki jab tak koi tirthayatri badrinath ki yatra puri nahin karta tab tak uski tirthayatra adhuri hi rahti hai.
badrinath ka pujari keral ka nambudripad hota hai jo badrinath ka raval kahlata hai. bataya jata hai ki shankracharya ne dharmik ekta ka sandesh jan-jan tak pahunchane ke lie uttar bharat ke panditon ko dakshin bharat sthit mathon men bheja aur dakshin bhartiya pujariyon ko uttar bharat ke mandiron men puja archana ki jimmedari saunpi. karake ki thand parne ke karan badrinath ke kapat navanbar ke tisre saptah men band kar die jate hain.
kapat band karne se pahle hone vali puja ke samay vahan ghi ke jalte hue dip ko chor diya jata hai. kaha jata hai ki chah mah bad kapat khulne tak yah dip jalta rahta hai. badrinath dham ka vistrit varnan himalay ke divya tirth sthal men kiya gaya hai. saurashtra ke panch ratnon men se pashchim men sthit dvarka ek dham hai. bhagvan shri krishn ne mathura v vrindavan chor yahan apna dham basaya. dvarka ko mokshadvar mana jata hai. kahte hain yahan ki bhumi ke sparsh matra se manushya ke sare pap dhul jate hain.
dvarkapuri ka mahatmya avarnaniya hai. kaha jata hai ki dvarka ke prabhav se vibhinn yoniyon men pare hue samast jiv mukt hokar shrikrishn ke parmdham ko prapt hote hain. yahan tak ki dvarka nivasiyon ke darshan aur sparsh matra se bare-bare pap nasht ho jate hain. dvarka men jo hom, jap, dan, tapadi kie jate hain, unka prabhav kotiguna aur akshay hota hai. vayu dvara ur kar ai dva arka ki raj ka sparsh bhi papiyon ko mukti dene vala kaha gaya hai.
dvarka ke udbhav ke vishay men kaha jata hai ki shrikrishn ne kans ka vadh karne ke bad dvarkapuri ki sthapna ka nirdesh vishvakarma ko diya, vishvakarma ne ek hi rat men is alishan nagri ka nirman kar diya. apni samast yadav mandli ko lekar krishn mathura se akar yahan nivas karne lage. dvarka ko kushasthali bhi kaha jata hai.
aisi manyata hai ki satyayug men maharaj raivat ne samudra ke madhya ki bhumi par kush bichakar kai yagya kie the. dvarkadhish mandir: yah dvarka ka mukhya mandir hai. ise shri ranchorray ka mandir aur jagat mandir bhi kahte hain. gomti dvarka bhi yahi kahlati hai.
dhai hajar sal purana yah mandir gomti ke uÿari kinare par bana hai. yah sat manjila hai aur 157 fut uncha hai. ismen dvarkadhish ki shyamavarn ki chaturbhuj murti sthapit hai. gomti se 56 sirhiyan charhne par yah mandir milta hai. dvarkadhish mandir ke dakshin men trivikram bhagvan ka mandir hai. ismen trivikram bhagvan ke atirikt raja bali tatha sankadi charon kumaron ki murtiyon ke sath-sath garur ki murti bhi hai.
mandir ke uÿar men pradyumn ji ki shyamavarn pratima aur uske pas hi aniruddh v baldev ji ki murtiyan bhi hain. mukhya mandir ke purva men durvasa rishi ka chota sa mandir hai. dvarkadhish mandir ke uÿari mokshadvar ke nikat kusheshvar shiv mandir sthit hai. kusheshvar ke darshan kie bina dva arka yatra adhuri mani jati hai. nishpap sarovr: sarkari ghat ke pas ek chota sa sarovar hai, jo gomti ke khare jal se bhara rahta hai. yahan pindadan bhi kiya jata hai. yahan snan ke lie sarkari shulk dena hota hai.
is nishpap sarovar ke pas ek chota sa kund hai. uske age mithe jal ke panch kup hain. yatri in kupon ke jal se marjan tatha achaman karte hain. aisi manyata hai ki is sarovar men snan karne se samast pap kat jate hain. isilie ismen snan karne ke bad yatri gomti men snan karte hain. jagannath char dhamon men se purva men sthit dham bhagvan shrikrishn ki nagri jagannath puri apni mahima aur saundarya donon ke lie jagat vikhyat hai.
shrikrishn yahan jagannath ke rup men apne bhai balram evan bahan subhadra ke sath vidyaman hain. har sal jun evan julai mah men ayojit ki jane vali rathyatra pure vishva men prasiddh hai jiska ayojan asharh shukla ki dvitiya ko kiya jata hai. rath yatra ke lie tin vishal rath sajae jate hain. pahle rath par shri balram ji, dusre par subhadra evan sudarshan chakra tatha tisre rath par shri jagannath ji virajman rahte hain.
in nau dinon men shri jagannath ji ke darshan ko ‘arapadarshana’ kahte hain. jagannath ji ke is rup ka vishesh mahatmya hai. puri ke anek nam hain. ise purushottamapuri tatha shankhakshetra bhi kaha jata hai, kyonki is kshetra ki akriti shankh ke saman hai. shakt ise uddiyan pith kahte hain. yah 51 shaktipithon men se ek pith sthal hai, yahan sati ki nabhi giri thi.
puri ke jagannath mandir ka nirman 12 vin shatabdi men hua. mandir ke char dvar hain- sinh, ashva, vyaghra evan hasti. mandir ke charon or 20 fut unchi chahardivari ki gai hai. vishva ki sabse bari rasoi bhi yahin hai, jahan rath yatra utsav ke dinon men pratidin ek lakh logon ke lie bhojan banta hai aur samanya dinon men 25 hajar logon ki rasoi taiyar hoti hai. kaha jata hai ki pahle yahan nilachal namak parvat tha
jis par nil madhav bhagvan ki murti thi jiski aradhna devta kiya karte the. bad men yah parvat bhumi men chala gaya aur bhagvan ki us murti ko devta apne lok men le gae. isi ki smriti men is kshetra ko nilachal kaha jata hai. shri jagannath ji ke mandir ke shikhar par lage chakra ko ‘nilachchatra’ kaha jata hai. is nilachchatra ke darshan jahan tak hote hain vah pura kshetra jagannathpuri kahlata hai. puri ke udbhav ke vishay men katha ati hai ki ek bar dvarika men shrikrishn ji ki patraniyon ne mata rohini ji ke bhavan men jakar krishn ki braj lila ke prem-prasang ko sunane ka agrah kiya.
mata ne is bat ko talne ka bahut prayatn kiya magar patraniyon ke agrah ko vah tal n sakin. prem prasang sunate samay krishn ki bahan subhadra ka vahan rahna uchit nahin tha. islie mata rohini ne unhen dvar ke bahar khare rahne ka adesh diya taki koi andar n ane pae. subhadra bahar khari hi thi ki isi bich shrikrishn aur balram padhar gae. vah donon bhaiyon ke bich men khare hokar donon hath failakar unko bhitar jane se rokne lagi. is upakram men band dvar ke bhitar se braj prem varta bahar bhi sunai de rahi thi.
use sunakar tinon ke hi sharir dravit hone lage. usi samay devarshi narad vahan a gae aur tinon ke prem dravit rup dekhakar unse isi rup men yahan virajman hone ki prarthana ki. shrikrishn ne apni sahmti de di.
snan mahatmya: puri men mahoddhi, rohini kund, indradyumn sarovar, markan dey sarovar, shvet ganga, chandan talab, loknath sarovar tatha chakratirth in pavitra ath jal tirthon men snan ka bahut mahatmya mana jata hai.
prasad mahatmya: shri jagannath ji ke mahaprasad ki mahima charon or prasiddh hai. kaha jata hai ki is mahaprasad ko bina kisi sandeh evan hichkichahat ke upvas, parva adi ke din bhi grahan kar lena chahie. rameshvaram char dhamon men dakshin disha ka pramukh dham rameshvaram bhakti, rahasya evan sthapatya kala ka bejor namuna hai. yah samudri dvip men sthit hai.
bhagvan shriram dvara bandhe gae setu evan unke dvara bhagvan shiv ki archana ke karan rameshvar tirth ka mahatmya koti guna barh jata hai. kahte hain is setu ke darshan matra se sansar-sagar se mukti ho jati hai aur bhagvan vishnu evan shiv ki bhakti ka labh milta hai. setubandh rameshvaram ko samast devtaon ka pratik mana gaya hai.
yahan ke darshan ka punya asman men vidyaman anginat taragnon se bhi adhik hai. yahan ke ret kanon par shayan bhi samast papon ka nashak aur koti punyadayi hai. setu bandh rameshvaram ki sthapna ko lekar do kathaen prachlit hain. ek to yah ki lanka par charhai karne ke lie samudra ki anunay vinay karne ke bad bhi jab usne sagar par jane ka rasta nahin diya to lakshman ko krodh a gaya aur ve samudra ko sukha dene vala ban chorne hi vale the ki sam udra brahman vesh men upasthit hua aur usne shriram ko samudra par setu nirman ka sujhav diya.
iske bad vishvakarma ke mahan shilpi putron nal-nil ne pani par lakri aur patthar taira kar sau yojan lanba aur das yojan chaira setu taiyar kar diya. lanka par charhai se pahle shri ram ne yahan shankar bhagvan ki aradhna kar mandir ki sthapna ki. dusri katha yah hai ki ram ne ravan vadh ka prayashchit karne ke lie shivling ki sthapna karne ka nishchay kiya aur is karya ke lie hanuman ji ko kailash se shivshankar ki divya ling murti lane ko bheja.
hanuman ji ko shiv ke darshan nahin hue to ve tap karte hue shiv ki stuti karne lage. ant men bhagvan shankar prakat hue aur unhen apni divya ling murti pradan ki. idhar sagar tat par hanuman ji ki pratiksha karte ling sthapna ka muhurt nikla ja raha tha, islie sita ji dvara banae gae balu ke shivling ki hi pran pratishtha kar di gai. ise sthaniya log ramnathlingam bhi kahte hain.
bhakt ki bhavna ko samman dete hue shri ram ne usi ling ki bagal men kailash se lae shivling ki sthapna kar uska pujan kiya aur sath hi yah ghoshna ki ki jo vyakti bhakt hanuman dvara lae shivling ki puja nahin karega use rameshvaram darshan ka fal nahin milega. yahi murti kashi- vishvanath (hanumdishvar) kahi jati hai.
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