tone-totkon ke bare men janne ke lie apko astik banakar vishvas karna hoga ki yah ek aisi shakti hai jo ham sabko parichalit karti hai. yah shakti mantra men nihit hoti hai. iske viprit nastikon se kisi bhi prakar ki shraddha evan vishvas ki apeksha nahin ki jati hai.
dusri or atyadhik astikta ek andhvishvas men parinat ho jati hai. manav samaj men andhvishvas adikal se hi bahut prachlit rahe hain. bharat ya vishva ka koi bhi desh ya samaj aisa nahin hai jo andhvishvas n karta ho.
prakritik ghatnaon evan samajik jivan se sanbandhit anek andhvishvas sabhi samajon men pae jate hain. shakun aur apshkun aur apshkun ka ganit sabhi samajon men lagaya jata hai. andhvishvason ki sabse bari visheshta yah hai ki koi bhi vyakti svayan ko andhvishvasi svikar karne ke lie taiyar nahin hota jabki sabhi log yah mante hain ki dusron men andhvishvas paya jata hai. isi prakar videshon men prachlit kuch andhvishvas is prakar se hain-
- misra ke nivasiyon ki yah dharna thi ki jab nil nadi ke kichar par suraj ki kirnen parti hain to usmen medhak, chuhe, sanp aur magaramachch utpann hote hain.
- inglaind ke nivasi ank 13 ko shubh mante hain, jabki kriket men vah ank 87 ka skor ko ashubh kahte hain.
- nyujilaind ke nivasi mare hue vyakti ke hath bandhakar use kabra men garte hain. iske piche unki yah dharna hai ki kahin vah kabra se bahar n nikal ae.
- aiskimo log hava ki disha badlne ke lie hamesha dhol bajate hain.
- inglaind ki striyan ghar ka kura-karakat mukhay dvar se nahin nikaltin, unka vishvas hai ki aisa karne se ghar se shubhta evan lakshmi chali jati hai.
- yunan men dusht atmaon se navjat shishu ki raksha karne ke lie uske jhule ko tin bar ulta karke ag ke pas le jane ki pratha hai.
- grinlaind ke nivasi bachche ke shav ke sath ek kutte ko bhi dafnate haiain. unki dharna hai ki vah kutta parlok men bachche ka margadarshan karega.
- japan men log yatra par jane se pahle apne nakhun nahin katte.
- prachin kal men rusi sena ka nayak bhure rang ke ghore par baithakar yuddh men jata tha.
- spen ke nivasi jahaj men charhte samay pahle dayan pair rakhte hain.
- arab ke log tej andhi ane par 'loha-loha' chillate hain. unka mat hai ki aisa karne se tufan shant ho jata hai.
- kyuba ke nivasi chandni rat ko (purnima) bura mante hain, islie ve rat ki chandni men nange sir bahar nahin niklte.
- astreliya men (holoinde) ke din log apne ghar ke mukhay dvar ke bahar sitafal men admi ki shakla banakar rakhte hain aur is bat ke piche unka yah manna hai ki isse unke ghar aur parivar ki buri najar v bhut-preton tatha upri havaon se raksha hoti hai.
tone-totke aur andhvishvas men paryapt antar hota hai. kisi bhi prakar ki purani paranpra par chalna aur usse kisi bhi prakar ka labh n hona andhvishvas ki shreni men ata hai. lekin tone-totke isse alag hote hain. tone-totke kisi paranpra se nahin jure hote apitu ve prachin hote hain tatha sahi samay v vidhi ke anusar tatha guru adesh se kiye gaye totke ka anukul parinam shighra hi prapt hota hai.