jaisa ki ham sab jante hain ki bharat varsh parvon tyoharon ki sanskriti ka desh hai jismen anekon dharm ke lie anek prakar ke tyohar manae jate hain. ham parva ki bat karen to ham jyotishiyon ke lie to hamare sanvatsar parva se bada aur koi parva ho hi nahin sakta hai. isi din srishti ka praranbh mana gaya hai. aise kahen ki hamare sansar ki utpatti isi sanvatsar ke din hui thi. yah parva chaitra shukla pratipda ko manaya jata hai. isi din brahma ne srishti ka aranbh kiya tha, matsyavtar bhi isi din hua tha tatha isi din satyug ka praranbh bhi hua tha. isi mahatva ko manakar raja vikramaditya ne apne sanvatsar ka aranbh aj se 2070 varsh purva kiya tha jise ham vikram sanvat ke nam se jante hain. shalivahan shak aur vikram sanvat hi sarvotkrisht ya manya hain. parantu shak visheshakar ganit men upyogi hota hai aur vikram sanvat ka upyog falit, ganit v lok vyavhar muhurt adi men kiya jata hai. janm patrika lekhan men praranbh men vikram sanvatsar aur shalivahan shak likhne ki paranpra hai. muhurt karyon men bhi sanvat, shak sanvatsar ka nam uchcharan kiya jata hai. jab brahma ne srishti ka aranbh kiya to us samay ise ‘pravra’ (sarvottama) tithi nam diya gaya. is tithi men dharmik, samajik, vyavharik aur rajnitik adi karyon ka praranbh kiya jata hai. isi sanvatsar se panchangon ka praranbh, navratri ka uday, ghatasthapan, dhvajaropan, varsheshadi ka fal path tatha lokachar, paranpranusar karyon ka praranbh kiya jata hai. ise log gudi padva ke nam se bhi jante hain. jyotish shastra anusar sanvatsar ke saur, savan, chandra, brihaspati aur nakshatra ye panch bhed hain. shruti kahti hai- dvadash masaah sanvatsarah . barah mahine ka ‘visheshkal’ sanvatsar hai. chandra mas se adhimas sahit 13 mas hote hain. aisa hone se sanvatsar 12 mas ka nahin rahta hai. iska samadhan badrayan ne adhimas ko 30-30 din ke do mah nahin manakar 60 din ka ek mah mana hai. chaitramas ka praranbh shukla paksh pratipda se hota hai. yadi chaitra mas men adhimas ho to dvitiya chaitra men praranbh karna chahie. ismen ‘sammukhi’ pratipda ka grahan kiya jata hai. jyotish anusar jis din sanvatsar praranbh ho aur jo varadhipti ho usi ke anusar varsh ka raja hota hai. pratyek sanvatsar ka apna ek nam hota hai. yah sanvatsar 60 prakar ke hote hain. is din brahma ka pujan kiya jata hai. panchang pujan karke, navratri praranbh ghat ki sthapna, dhvajarohan, akhand jyoti adi prajjvalit ki jati hai aur pratyek varg ke vyakti ko navsanvatsar ki shubhkamnaen di jati hain aur kamna ki jati hai ki nav sanvatsar krishi, vyapari varg, jan ke lie shubh v manglkari siddh hon. isi ke sath ham navsanvatsar ko ek vistrit parva tyohar ke rup men manate hain.
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