madhumeh ke bare men sabse bhayavah bat yah hai ki is rog ke rogiyon men aushdhiyon evan insulin harmon ke prati pratirodh hona shuru ho gaya hai aur yadi samay se ham nahin chete to bharatavarsh men madhumeh evan iske dushparinamasvarup utpann hone vale anek asadhya rogon ke ankre bahut chainkane vale honge. halanki sabhi chikitsa paddhatiyon ke chikitsak aur vaigyanik iske ilaj evan roktham ke lie nirantar prayatnashil hain, parantu janmanas men is rog ke prati jagrukta paida kiye bina is rog par niyantran pana bahut hi kathin hai.
madhumeh kya hai? madhumeh ek aisi sthiti hai jismen rakt ke glukoj (sharkara) ka star dhire-dhire barhta jata hai. iska srot bhojan hota hai jo ham khate hain. sabhi bhojya padarth jinmen starch payi jati hai, glukoj ke srot hote hain jo glukoj ka star barhate hain. sharir ka ang painkriyaj (agnyashy) harmon insulin ko banata hai.
is insulin ka karya rakt se glukoj, manspeshiya vasa (muscle fat) aur livar sels ko le jana aur indhan ke rup men istemal karna hai. madhumeh se pirit vyaktiyon men uchch sharkara ka star hota hai. iska karan yah hai ki unke agnyashay prachur matra men insulin ka nirman nahin kar pate hain ya fir unke sharir ki koshikaen insulin ke prati pratirodhak ho jati hain.
ayurved matanusar yadi manushya aramatalab ho, vyayam sarvada n kare, n hi samy-samay par sharir ka shodhan kare, sharir men sthulta ho tatha madhur amla-lavan ras, guru shit-snigdh aharon ko adhik matra men grahan kare to usse kaf dosh barh jata hai. fir jab vayuvardhak arthat nirbalata janak karnon se sharir men vayu ki vriddhi ho jay arthat sharir men ann ko istemal kar lene ki shakti bhi kam ho jay, chinta adi se nari mandal bhi nirbal ho jaye to bhojan se utpann hua sar, arthat oj (jise ab ham glukoj kahte hain) sharir se mutra dvara niklne lagta hai. isi ko madhumeh kahte hain.
karn: madhumeh ka rog bahudha 50-60 varsh ke bich men uchch varg ke shikshit, baithakar kam karne vale, adhik matra men ahar lene vale sthul vyaktiyon men hota hua dekha jata hai shram karne vale gramin kshetra ke vyaktiyon men nahin jisse pata chalta hai ki sharir ko jitni kailori vale bhojan ki avashyakta hoti hai usse adhik kailori vale bhojan nirantar adhik samay tak lete rahne se, visheshtya karbohaidret adhik matra men lete rahne se uska kuch ansh fait men parivartit hokar vasamay pradeshon men baith jata hai jisse sharir sthul ho jata hai.
is parivartan ke lie arthat vasiya utkon men vasiya ansh ko sanchit karne ke lie bhi insulin avashyak hai, parantu barabar atyahar karte rahne se agnyashay ki koshikaon par itna adhik karyabhar parta hai ki inmen kshinta utpann ho jati hai. ve kuch samay bad iske vyarth bhar ko utha nahin pate jisse utpann hone vale insulin ki matra jitna adhik bhojan liya jata hai iske pachan ke lie paryapt nahin rahti.
islie sthulta is rog ka bara karan hai jisse rakt men glukoj ki matra barhti hai. is rog ki nirbalata paitrik paranpra se bhi ati pratit hoti hai kyonki yadi mata-pita donon men madhumeh rog hota hai to santan men madhumeh rog hota hua dekha jata hai.
sanbhav hai ki yadi is rog ki nirbalata janm se ho aur usapar 30-40 varsh ki ayu men ati matra men karbohaidret yukt bhojan liya jay to yah rog ya to khand ko niyantrit rakhne vale antah sravon ke asantulan se ya glukoj ko pachane vale glukokainej adi injaim ki nyunta ke karan ho jata hai. sarva prakar ke jvar tatha sankramak rogon ke karan bhi rakt men khand ki matra barh jati hai.
sanbhvtah yah jivanu janit vish ke karan adhivrikk granthi (adrenal gland) tatha piyush granthi (pituitary gland) ke uttejit ho jane se aisa hota hai. atah in donon ki uttejna bhi is rog ka karan pratit hoti hai. islie madhumeh rog ki prakriti ho to jivanu-vish bhi is rog ka karan ho jate hain.
mans-udveg v chinta ke veg se bhi sanbhvtah adhivrikk granthi (adrenal gland) ke uttejit hot rahne se rakt men sharkara barh jati hai. sanbhvtah aramatalab hone se striyon men purushon ki apeksha yah rog adhik paya jata hai. paitrik pravritti hone par bhi yadi vyakti karbohaidret bhojan svalp matra men le to vah madhumeh rog se bach sakta hai.
madhumeh ke lakshana: madhumeh ka rog dhire-dhire agyat rup se hota hai aur unmen nimn lakshan dikhai dete hain:
1. atyadhik mutra tyag: rogi ko sabse pahle bahumutra ki shikayat hoti hai. din-rat men bar-bar tatha matra men adhik mutra ata hai. 24 ghante men vah 1) ser se barhakar 3 ser ya isse bhi adhik ho sakta hai. rakt tatha gurdon men bane mutra mane barhi hui sharkara ko nikalne ke lie sharir men se jal ko tatha vrikkon se mutra ko sharir se adhik matra men nikalna parta hai arthat vrikkon ki naliyon men sharkara ke karan parasrni (osmotic) bhar ki adhikta se bahumutra hota hai aur visheshtah rat men adhik dekha jata hai.
2. adhik pyas - adhik mutra visarjan men adhik jal ke sath lavan jaise -potaishiyam, kailsiyam tatha baikarbonet bhi adhik matra men nikal jate hain. is prakar jal ke adhik nikal jane se pyas (polifejiya) adhik lagti hai.
3. adhik bhukh: rogi ke sharir men se khand ke adhik matra men nikal jane se tatha sharir dvara iska upyog n kar pane ki vajah se bhukh (polifjiya) adhik lagti hai.
4. sharirik kamjori: adhik ahar lene par bhi us sharkara ka sharir dvara upyog n kar sakne ke karan tatha protin v vasa ke jalte rahne se sharir krish hota jata hai evan svalp shram se sharir thak jata hai. islie rogi prayah apni barhti hui ashakti evan ghatte hue bhar ki shikayat karta hai.
5. tvacha men sankraman evan khujli ah jal ke adhik niklte rahne se tvacha shushk evan kaksh ho jati hai. tvacha ki shushkata ke karan tatha uska poshan bhali prakar n hone se usmen mriduta ki nyunta ya shushkata aur rakshata ka lakshan hota hai. isi karan usmen baiktiriya dvara sankraman shidhrata se ho jata hai jisse pindikaen tatha madhumeh pindikaen nikal ati hain.
mutragat khand ke mutra sthan par lage rahne se striyon men bhagakandu tatha purushon men munda-shoth ka lakshan ho sakta hai. striyon men stanon ke niche tatha jannendriya ke samip ki tvacha men rakt varn pama (ikjima) rog bhi ho jata hai. sharir par kandu ka rog bhi ho jata hai jiska karan avyvon men sharkara ka sanchit ho jana hota hai.
6. ghav n bharna - madhumeh rogi ka ghav shighra nahin bharta hai.
7. drishti rog - madhumeh rogiyon men drishti mand ho jati hai. unki ankhen kamjor ho jati hai.
8. malbandh: madhumeh ke rogiyon men anton ki shleshm kala ke shushk rahne se malbandh ki shikayat rahti hai.
9. nari shoth: janghon men nari shoth ka lakshan bhi kuch rogiyon men paya jata hai jisse tangon men dard rahta hai tatha peshiyon men krishta evan nirbalata a jati hai.
madhumeh ke bhed: ayurved ke anusar madhumeh do prakar ka hota hai.
1. vatika - dhatu kshay hone se vayu ke prakop ke karan jo madhumeh hota hai vah vatika madhumeh kahlata hai.
2. upekshit: pittadi dosh ke karan marg ke avruddh ho jane se jo madhumeh hota vah upekshit kahlata hai. ayurved men madhumeh ka varnan gun-dosh ke anusar varnit 20 prakar ke prameh rog men milta hai aur kaha gaya hai ki sab prakar ke prameh (sadharan, sadhya, kafaj adi meh bhi) chikitsa n karne par aur adhik samay tak bane rahne par (purane ho jane par) madhumehatva ko prapt ho jate hain aur chunki madhumeh asadhya hain islie ve bhi asadhya ho jate hain.
adhunik vigyan ke anusar madhumeh rog nimn 3 prakar se hota hai:
1. taip 1 madhumeh: ise kishor madhumeh bhi kaha jata hai. ismen rogi ki insulin utpann karne vali agnyashay ki bita sels (koshikaen) nasht hone ke karan insulin ka utpadan kam ya nahin karti hain. iska thos karan gyat nahin hai lekin anuvanshik prabhav, vishanu adi jaise karak iski utpatti ke pramukh karan hain.
aise marijon ko bahar se insulin deni parti hai. islie ise insulin dipendent daibitij melaitas ya pkkd bhi kahte hain. sansar men lagabhag 10 pratishat madhumeh rogi taip 1 ke paye jate hain.
2. taip 2 madhumeh: taip 2 madhumeh men ya to sharir men insulin avashyakta ke anusar sravit nahin hota hai ya fir sharir ki koshikaon men insulin ke prati pratirodhak kshamata utpann ho jati hai
jiske karan rakt sharkara sharir ki koshikaon men pravesh nahin kar pati hai aur rakt men bani rahti hai jiske karan haipar glaysemiya (rakt men sharkara ki barhi hui sthiti) ki sthiti ho jati hai. is taip ki madhumeh sravit insulin par nirbhar nahin karti hai.
islie ise nan insulin dipendet mailaits ya (niddm) gair insulin ashrit madhumeh meletus ya vayask shuruat madhumeh kahte hain. yah madhumeh adhikanshtah medo vriddhi vyakti men paya jata hai tatha kisi bhi umra men ho sakta hai. sansar men 90 pratishat rogi taip 2 madhumeh ke paye jate hain.
3. garbhavdhi (jesteshnl) madhumeh - mahilaon men garbhavastha ke dauran asthayi madhumeh ki utpatti hoti hai
jise jesteshanal (garbhavastha janya) madhumeh kaha jata hai aur yah avastha shishu ke janm pashchat thik ho jati hai lekin bhavishya men in mahilaon ko taip-2 madhumeh utpatti hone ka khatra jyada bana rahta hai. agar garbhavastha ke samay isko niyantrit n kiya jay to rogi ko uchch rakt chap ho jata hain jisse prasav ke samay pareshaniyan paida ho jati hai tatha janm ke bad bachche men rakt sharkara ka star nimn ho sakta hai. rakt sharkara ke parikshan rakt men sharkara ke star ko janne ke lie kai tarah ke parikshan kiye jate hain:
1. subah khali pet parikshana: khali pet rakt parikshan ke lie madhumeh rogi ko ratri khane ke pashchat 12 ghante upvas par rakha jata hai. uske bad uska rakt parikshan ke lie jata hai.
2. khane ke bad parikshana: ismen rakt ka parikshan khana khane ke 2 ghante bad kiya jata hai. ise post paraindiyal rakt sharkara parikshan thai;chchddh kahte hain.
3. glukoj taelrens testa: ise jesteshanal madhumeh ke lie kiya jata hai jismen madhumeh pirit mahila ko 75 gram glukoj pani men ghol kar pilaya jata hai aur fir har adhe ghante men uske rakt men sharkara ke star ka parikshan kiya jata hai.
4. bhi.1b testa: yah madhumeh ka ek aisa parikshan hai jo rakt sharkara ke 2-3 mah ke ausat star ko pradarshit karta hai. yah rogi dvara liye ja rahe upchar ke prabhav ko pradarshit karta hai. iska star 7 pratishat ke barabar ya adhik hone ka arth madhumeh rog se pirit hona hai.
5. kiton parikshana: yah ek vishesh janch hai jismen rakt ya mutra men kitons ki upasthiti ka parikshan kiya jata hai. jab sharir sharkara ke sthan par vasa ka istemal karne lagta hai to kitons ka nirman hota hai jiske falasvarup kito-esidosis ka nirman hota hai. is kito esidosis se rogi ki mrityu ho sakti hai.
chikitsa: ayurved matanusar kaf-vriddhi ke karan hone se is rog ke rakshan tatha apatarpan chikitsa ki jati hai tatha vyayam karaya jata hai, sath hi pran shakti ki hinta ko dur karne ke lie ismen svarn, mukta, lauh, abhrak, shilajit adi ka prayog kiya jata hai. iske sath-sath ati vyayam tatha ati mansik shram se bachaya jata hai.
1. apatarpan chikitsa: apatarpan ke lie rogi ko svalp tatha ruksh ahar par rakha jata hai. ruksh, shoshak gun vali aushdhiyon jaise- trifla, trivang, nim, karela, loghra, bilvapatra tatha shal saradi varg aur nyagrodhadi varg ki aushdhiyon ka is rog men prayog thik rahta hai. inse mutra men sharkara ki nikasi kam ho jati hai. atah is rog ki chikitsa nimn yogon men se kisi ek ka prayog karke ki ja sakti hai.
1. rogi ko jamun ke fal ki majja 4 bhag, ninb patra 4 bhag, anvla 4 bhag, gurmar patra 2 bhag, bilvapatra 2 bhag aur sukha karela 8 bhag milakar banaya hua churn 2 masha (lagabhag 2 gram) matra din men 2-3 bar lene se 1-2 mas men labh pratit hota hai.
2. sukha karela 4 bhag, jamun churn 2 bhag, trivang bhasm 2 bhag, abhrak bhasm 1 bhag, lauh bhasm 1 bhag, shilajit- 2 bhag aur afim adha bhag milakar banai goliyon ki 2 ratti (lagabhag 250 mili gram) matra din men tin bar dene se labh hota hai.
3. makaradhvaj 125 mi. gram aur kale jamun ki mingi ka churn 1 gram, madhu ke sath sevan karne se mutra men chini banna kam ho jata hai evan mutra ke pariman bhi kam hote hain.
4. shilajitvadi vati ki tin-tin goliyan 4-4 ghanton ke antar par thande jal se sevan karne se achcha labh hota hai.
5. vasant kumatsar ras tatha svarn ghatit chandrakant ras men se kisi ek ka prayog din men ek bar karne se rogi ki pranashakti barhti hai.
6. chandraprabhavti 2-4 goli pratah sayan dudh se lene se achcha labh milta hai.
7. dabar dvara nirmit madhurakshak churn ki 3-6 gram ki matra subh-sham bhojan se pahle lene se achcha labh hota hai.
8. madhumeh nashini gutika ki 2-3 goli din men 3-4 bar, taji haldi ka svaras aur anvla svaras se sevan karne se labh milta hai.
ahar chikitsa: madhumeh chikitsa men ahar ki vishesh mahatvapurn bhumika hai. ahar paushtik hone ke sath hi sahi matra men upbhog kiya jana chahie. rogi ko vasa, shakkar ka prayog parhej se karna chahie. ahar ke lie rogi ko donon samay jau aur gehun ki bani roti keval 2 chatank (lagabhag 116 gram) ki matra men karele tatha dusri hari sabjiyon ke sath lena chahie.
chiknai rahit dahi ya mattha 2 samay lena chahie. ahar men kachchi sabjiyan, karela, khira, pyaj, lahsun tatha falon men anvla, jamun aur angur adi ko sammilit karna chahie. iske sath-sath dhumrapan, tanbaku aur sharab ke sevan se parhej karna chahie. vyayam chikitsa: vyayam sharir men rakt sanchar ko barhate hain khasakar banh evan pair sharir ke ve ang hain jahan madhumeh pirit am taur par mushkilon ka samna karte hain.
vyayam sharirik aur mansik donon tanavon se larne ka behtrin tarika hai jiske parinamasvarup glukoj ka star kam hota hai. niyamit yogabhyas blad shugar leval kam karne ke sath-sath raktachap ko kam karta hai, vajan ko niyantrit karta hai, pratirodhi kshamata ko barhata hai.
iske lie pranayam, setubandhasan, balasan, vajrasan, sarvangasan, halasan, dhanurasan, pashchimottasan adi asnon ka abhyas kar labh liya ja sakta hai. iske alava madhumeh rogi 2-3 mil ke lagabhag pratidin paidal bhraman kar ke bhi labh prapt kar sakte hain.