pitri moksh prapti ke lie amavasya ko pitrignon ke nimitt yathashakti pujan, dan tatha shraddh paksh men pitrignon ki mrityu tithi par shuddh satvik chitt vale brahman ko bhojan karana, vastra v dakshina dena labhdayak bataya gaya hai. gaya ji (falgu nadi ke kinare, bihar), nabhi gaya (jajpur, urisa), padgya (pithapur, andhrapradesh), matri gaya (mehsana, gujrat), tatha brahmakapal (badrinath) men pitri paksh ke samay shraddh v tarpan karna shastrokt sarvottam vidhi hai. bahut se lekhkon ke anusar ‘pitridosh’ janmakundli men nimn grah sthiti hone par bataya jata hai:-
1. surya rahu se yut ho tatha usapar shani ki drishti ya yuti ho.
2. surya pancham bhav men rahu ke sath ho aur shani ki yuti ya drishti ho.
3. surya shani ke sath ho aur unapar rahu ki drishti ya yuti ho.
4. chandrama ke sath bhi uprokt grah sthiti ‘pitri dosh’ ka nirman karti hai.
5. amavasya tithi men janme jatak ki kundli men surya aur chandrama ki yuti ke samay unke rahu aur shani se grast hone par ‘mahapitridosh’ kaha jata hai.
anya lekhak nimn grah sthiti ko jorakar ‘pitri dosh’ ki paridhi ka vistar karte hain.
1. trikeshon (6, 8, 12 bhav ke svami) ka kisi prakar se lagn v lagnesh ko prabhavit karna ‘pitridosh’ ka suchak hota hai.
2. lagnesh nich rashi ya nich navmansh men ho to pitridosh vishesh prabhavshali hota hai.
3. lagnesh kundli men shatru rashi me sthit ho aur shani, rahu, ketu v mangal ke ‘papakatrtari’ prabhav men ho, aur surya v chandra trik bhav men ya trikeshon ke sath sthit hon, to ‘pitridosh’ hota hai.
4. kundli men yadi rahu v shani sanbandh banayen aur lagn ya lagnesh men se kisi bhi ek ko prabhavit karen to jatak ‘pitridosh’ se pirit hota hai.
5. kundli men shukra ka rahu, shani ya mangal dvara pirit hona bhi ‘pitridosh’ ka suchak hota hai.
6. pancham bhav men surya tula (nich) rashi evan makar ya kunbh navansh men ho aur pancham bhav ‘papakatrtari’ prabhav men ho to ‘pitridosh’ se santan nahin hoti.
7. pancham bhav men sinh rashi ho, pancham ya navam bhav men papi grah hon v surya bhi papi grahon se yukt ya drisht ho to ‘pitridosh’ ke karan santan hani hoti hai.
8. lagnesh nich rashi, nich navansh ya shatru rashi men panchamasth ho, panchmesh v surya ki yuti ho, lagn v pancham donon bhavon par papi grahon ka prabhav ho to jatak ko ‘pitridosh’ ke karan santan nahin hoti.
9. vyayesh lagn men, ashtamesh pancham men v dashmesh ashtam men ho to ‘pitri dosh’ ke karan santan nahin hoti ya santan hani hoti hai.
jyotishiya tathya jyotish shastranusar surya ko pita ka, chandrama ko mata ka, shukra ko patni ka evan brihaspati ko pati, putra tatha dhan ka karak mana gaya hai. papi grah visheshakar shani v rahu (shanivat rahu) apne svabhavanusar vighn, duahkh, rog tatha kashtakarak hote hain. unki shubh grahon par drishti ya yuti shubh falon men kami lati hai. rahu ki surya aur chandrama se yuti hone par grahan lagta hai. aisa pratit hota hai ki surya (pita) v chandrama (mata) ke grasit hone ko kalantar men ‘pitridosh’ v ‘pitri rin’ ki sangya de di gai. acharya varahmihir ne ‘brihatsanhita’ granth (a. 5) men surya aur chandra grahan ka vistar se varnan karte samay uske dvara ‘pitri dosh’ nirman hone ki bat nahin kahi hai. ‘brihat jatk’ granth men bhi unhonne ‘pitri dosh’ ka ullekh nahin kiya hai.
‘muhurt ganpti’ v ‘muhurt chintamni men grahan faladesh ke samay pitridosh ki bat nahin ki hai. ‘saravli’, jatak parijat’, tatha ‘sarvarth chintamni’ namak granthon men bhi pitri dosh ka varnan nahin milta. dakshin bharat ke prasiddh granth ‘prashn marga’ (a. 15) men ‘pitri shap’ ka ullekh hai parantu vah (1) surya v chandra ke 6, 8, 12 bhav men mangal ki rashi v navansh men hone par, tatha (2) papi grah ke sinh v kark rashi men trik (6, 8, 12) bhav men hone par bataya gaya hai. iske nivaran hetu granthanusar apne jivit mata-pita ki seva tatha mrityoprant unka varshik shraddh karna chahie.
‘faldipika’ granth ke santap bhav adhyay (shlok 19) men bataya gaya hai ki panchmesh shatru rashi, nichasth, ast ho, ya 6, 8, 12 bhav men sthit ho, athva 6, 8, 12 bhavesh ya koi nichasth ya ast grah pancham bhav men hon to santan prapti men badha hoti hai. aisi sthiti men doshkarak grah v uske devta ki puja karne, grah ki samidha (lakri) se havan karne tatha grah sanbandhi vastuon v pashu ka dan adi shubh karyon se dosh-shanti hokar santan sukh prapt hota hai.
udahrnartha
1. yadi rahu pancham bhav ya panchmesh ko dushit kare to ‘sarpashap’ se santan badha hoti hai jiske lie, sarp puja v shiv pujan karni chahie. durva ya kush ki samidha se havan karen tatha kanbal ya kale pashu ka dan karen. ketu se brahman shap pratit hota hai, atah brahmanon ki seva kar ashirvad prapt karna chahie.
2. shani santan badhak hone par bhagvan rudra ki puja karen, pipal ko jal charhayen v puja karen, shammi ki samidha se havan karen tatha bakri v shani-pritkari vastuon ka dan den.
3. surya badhak hone par gayatri jap, suryopasna, adityahriday stotra’ ka path, ak ki samidha se havan v gay ko gur-gehun khilayen.
4. chandrama doshkarak hone par durga, shiv ya parthiveshvar mahadev ka pujan karen. dhak ki samidha v jari-butiyon se havan karen tatha gaudan karen.
anya grahon ke bare men pathakagan faldipika (santan bhav-12ven adhyay) granth se apni jigyasa purn kar sakte hain. maharshi parashar apne granth ‘brihat parashar hora shastra’ men maitrey muni se kahte hain: yasya yashch duahsthah s tan yatnes pujyet. eshan dhatra varodattah ‘pujitaah pujbhishyath’.. arthat, ‘jis samay koi grah pratikul (ashubhfldai) ho to us grah ki yatnapurvak puja karen kyonki brahma ne grahon ko var diya hai ki ‘jo tumhari puja kare uska tum kalyan karo.’ atah santan, sanpatti, ayu ya samriddhi ki kamna karne valon ko bhakti purvak sanbandhit grah ka yagya (jap, havan, danadi) karna chahie. maitrey muni ke anya prashn ka uttar dete hue maharshi parashar kahte hain ki ‘lagn aur grah sthiti uttam hone par bhi amavasya, krishn paksh chaturdashi, bhadra karan, sahodar v mata ya pita ke janm nakshatra men janm, surya ki sankranti men janm, vyatipat adi dusht yog men janm hone, tatha titar janm (tin putriyon ke bad putra ya tin putron ke bad putri) ashubh prad hota hai.
prarabdh ka prabhutva vishnu puran men akhyan hai:- karmana jayte sarvan karmev gati sadhanam. tasmatsarvan prayatnen sadhukarm samachret.. arthat ‘‘svayan ke karm anurup hi sab janm pate hain aur karm hi unki shubhashubh gati ke karak hote hain. islie yatnapurvak shubh karyon ko karna chahie. uprokt vivaran darshata hai ki jivan men ane vali kathinaiyan jatak ke apne pichle janmon ke karmon ka fal hai, n ki ‘pitridosh athva ‘pitririn’ ke karan hain. acharya varahmihir rachit ‘brihatjatk’ jyotish granth ke anusar (1.3): karmajitan purvabhve sadadi yatrasya paktin sambhivyankit.
arthat ‘jyotish shastra’ purva janm men kie shubh-ashubh karmon ke fal ko prakat karta hai.’ acharya kalidas rachit ‘uttarakalamrit’ granth ke anusar punyan vavyath paprupmipi va kamirjitan pragbhve. tatpako'tra tu khecharasya hi dashabhuktyadibhigyayite.. arthat punya aur pap jo purva janm ke karmon dvara arjit kiye gaye hain, unhin ka fal is janm men grahon ki dasha bhukti dvara jana jata hai.’’ udahrnarth nimn kundliyan prastut hain: sachin ki kundli men nich ke rahu ke sath chandrama hone se pitri dosh banta hai.
lagnesh uchchasth navam bhav men rahu se drisht hai. ye sammanit dhani vyakti hain aur inki do santanen hain. inke jivan men bhi utar-charhav aye parantu uchch lagnesh, chaturtha-panchmesh yog, lagnesh v dashmesh ki navam bhav men yuti se ye vishvavikhyat aur atul dhanvan hain tatha pitridosh nishprabhavi raha. anil kapur ki kundli men chandrama ashtam bhav men rahu ke sath hai tatha in par shani ki dasham drishti se pitridosh ban raha hai. parantu yogkarak shukra navam bhav men apni mulatrikon rashi men hai.
dasham bhav men svakshetri mangal ‘ruchk’ yog bana raha hai. lagnesh shani ekadash bhav men hai. ye safal ektar bane aur ab prodyusar hain. svasthya bhi thik hai. inki do santanen bhi apne kshetra men safal hain. achche grah yog ke karan pitri dosh nishprabhavi raha. uprokt kundliyon men shubh yogon ne inhen safal, dhanvan aur sukhi banaya tatha ‘pitri dosh’ nishprabhavi raha. kisi bhi vyakti ka jivan sada ek sa nahin rahta. jivan ki vibhinn kathinaiyon ko ‘pitri dosh’ ya ‘pitririn’ par aropit karna nyaysangat nahin hai. pitri hamare param hitaishi hain. jivit rahte jo bachchon ke sukh ke lie anek kasht uthate rahe, vah mrityoprant unka ahit kaise karenge? pitri-anukanpa sulabh aur kalyankari hai.
jansadharan ko shastrokt dharmacharan dvara pitron ki purn kripa prapt karni chahie. pitri puja ishvar ki hi puja hai. bhagvan shri krishn ne is satya ka ullekh arjun ke madhyam se is prakar kiya hai:- ahan kraturhan yagyah svadhahmhmaushadham. arthat, main hi karmakand hun, main hi yagya tatha pitron ko kiya jane vala tarpan hun.’’ tatha: ahan hi sarvayagyanan bhokta ch prabhurev ch. (gita, 9.24) arthat,’’ sanpurn yagyaon ka bhokta aur svami bhi main hi hun. atah pratyek vyakti ko bhramit n hokar samathryanusar ‘pitri shraddha’ avashya karna chahie jo sarvakalyankari hai tatha devon, rishi tatha pitron ke rin chukane ka sulabh sadhan hai.
garur puran men shraddh karm ko yagya karm se bhi uncha mana gaya hai. (devkaydipi sada pitri karya vishishyate. 10.58) pitron ke prasann hone par sare devta prasann ho jate hain (pitran pritimapanne priyante sarva devta.) aur jatak sukhi jivan vyatit karta hai.