pitron ki santushti hetu ashvin mas men 16 din ke shraddh ka pravdhan kiya gaya hai. vaise pratyek amavasya ke din pitron ko santusht karne ke liye dan tatha brahmana-bhojan ki vyavastha ki gayi hai. pitar ke nidhan vale mah, paksh tatha tithi ke din bhi kiye jane vale shraddh ko ‘ekodisht shraddha’ kahte hain. shraddh karne se purva apne pitar ko shraddh arpit karne ke liye sankalp kiya jata hai. pitron ke sath panchbli nikali jati hai, jo kramshah gay, kaua, kutta, devta aur chintiyon ko arpit kiya jata hai. sankalp men trikush aur kale til prayog men liye jate hain. ‘ekodishta’ aur ‘parvan, donon shraddhon men isi prakar kriya hoti hai. is paranpra ka karan pitrilok men sthit apne-apne pitron ki santushti hai, jisse ve pitridosh se apki hani n karen. kyon bante hain pitr? kisi vyakti ka mrityu ke pashchat pitrilok men gaman uske moh athva kisi vishesh prayojan ke karan hota hai. mrityu se purva vyakti ke man men jaise bhav utpann hote hain, mrityu ke pashchat uski gati vaisi hi hoti hai yatha tirthon ki mrityu shubh aur mokshadayini mani jati hai, kyonki us samay vyakti ka man purn rup se ishvar ki bhakti men duba rahta hai.
isi prakar sima par larte sainikon ka virgti prapt karna, adi. yah to nishchit hai ki pitriyoni men kisi atma ka gaman uske parijnon ke prati moh se hi hai. prashn hai ki kya mohagrast vyakti pitriyoni ko prapt karega? kishor athva yuvavastha men hone vali mrityu ko n to parijan pacha pate hain aur n hi mritak vyakti. isliye vah apne parijnon ke sath rahna chahta hai aur ‘pitri yoni’ ko prapt hota hai. kai vidvanon ke pramanon se yah gyat hua hai ki apna vishesh prayojan safal hone par mritak ki atma, pitriyoni se mukt hokar apne lok men chali jati hai aur dusra sharir dharan karne ki taiyari karti hai. parantu jab kabhi parijnon dvara apne pitron ko santusht nahin kiya jata hai, tab ve kai varshon tak atript hokar bhog yoni men pirit hote rahte hain aur ‘pitridosh’ utpann karte hain. aksar amavasya ke nikat jab krishn paksh men uska din (mrityu divs) hota hai, tab ve pitrilok se apne parijnon ke samaksh a jate hain aur adrishya rup se unke sath rahne lagte hain parantu apna bodh nahin kara pate hain. lekin unke avahan aur ratri jagaran men avahan karne par ve apne vishisht parijan ke sharir men a jate hain.
kai vyakti unhen devta ke nam se sanbodhit karte hain aur amavasya ke din unka avahan karte hain. is hetu vaishakh ka mah uttam mana jata hai. pitron ki aprasannata ka karn? pitri dosh se pirit vyakti, yah janna chahta hai ki aisa kaun sa apradh usne kiya hai jisse uski unnati nahin ho pa rahi hai aur jivan men bar-bar rukavten a rahi hain? vastav men pitron ki aprasannata ke kai karan hote hain, jinmen pramukh karan nimnalikhit hain:
1. parijnon dvara smaran nahin karna parijnon dvara lobhavash ya trutipurn antim kriya karm adi purn n karaya jana ya matra aupcharikta bhar nibha dena. kisi bhi karan shraddh karm n karaya jay, uski priya vastu ya bhojan khilaya ya dan n karaya jay, ghar men hone vale manglik karya men pitron ko smaran n kiya jay, to ve aprasann hokar vighn utpann karte hain.
2. parijnon dvara anuchit vyavhar kai bar parijnon ke anuchit vyavhar arthat sharab sevan, mans bhakshan, vijati men rishta jorna adi karnon se pitar, kshubdh ho jate hain aur tarh-tarah ke vighn utpann karte hain. jab inka ahnan kiya jata hai to ye kisi parijan ke sharir men akar us anuchit vyavhar ki shikayat karne lagte hain.
3. pitri ka pirit hona pitri lok men rah rahe pitron ko apne priyajnon dvara unki priya samagri adi prapt n hone se ve nirbal ho jate hain aur pitri yoni men dusre pitron ki atmaon dvara pratarit kiye jate hain to vah nirbal pitar apne parivari-janon se hi asha rakhta hai ki ve use is bhari sankat se bachayen. yadi aisa nahin hota to vah pirit hokar dukhi rahte hain aur apne parijnon ko koste hain. ukt tin karnane ke atirikt anek aur bhi karan hote hain, jinse pitar aprasann hokar ‘pitri-dosh’ utpann karte hain. pitri dosh asan pahchan ‘pitri dosh’ ek adrishya-badha hai, jo apko apratyaksh rup se prabhavit karti hai, parantu ap asani se nahin pahchan pate hain aur n jane kin-kin vyakti, rogon, karnon aur vyavharon ko dosh dete rahte hain. falasvarup rog, kasht tatha vipattiyan barhti jati hain.
aiye ham ‘pitri dosh’ ki pahchan, asani se karne ka prayas karen-
- pitri apne parijnon se sanpark karne ka jab prayas karte hain to ve sapnon men bar-bar dikhai dete hain aur aisa abhas karate hain ki ve lautakar dubara a gaye hain.
- kabhi-kabhi ye kisi parijan ke sharir men akar apni pira batate hain.
- janm patrika men anukul yog aur dashayen hone par bhi kisi karya men saflta prapt nahin hoti. vibhinn upayon se bhi labh nahin hota, devi-devtaon ki puja se bhi koi labh nahin hota, amdni kam hoti hai ya koi barakat nahin hoti.
- ghar men tanav, vyarth hi larai-jhagre, vivah nahin ho pate- rukavten ati hain, vaivahik jivan men samasyaen ati rahti hain, santan nahin hoti.
- ghar men maveshi (pashu) ki bina karan mrityu ho jaye ya unka dudh sukh jaye. paltu pashu jivit n rah payen ya unke palne se kuch n kuch samasya hone lage ya ve bimar rahte hain aur mar jate hain.
- ghar men hone vale manglik karyon men avrodh, samasyaen utpann ho jate hain ya aise samay achanak kisi ka svasthya pratikul ho jata hai.
- kai bar ghar ke kisi kamre men jahan koi bahri ya ghar ka vyakti ata-jata nahin, vahan aisi vastuen prapt hoti hain, jo tone-totke hone ka abhas karati hain ya mano un rakhi gayi vastuon ke madhyam se kuch kahna chahte hane.
uparyukt men se koi ek ya do mamle drishtigochar ho sakte hain. atah apko uske upchar ke lie upay karna avashyak hai. pitri ashirvad dete hain ! pitri hamesha ‘pitridosh’ ka karan bante hain, aisa nahin hai. pitri nirantar apne parijnon ka dhyan rakhte hain, vibhinn prakar se sahayta karte hain tatha ashirvad bhi dete hain. aisa tabhi hota hai jabki ham unka adar karte hon, unke nimitt shraddh, dan karen, apne acharan men shuddhata rakhen, koi galat karya n karen, parva aur manglik avasar par unka vishesh dhyan rakhen. unke ashirvad tatha sahayta svarup agralikhit sukarya kiye jate hain, yatha-ghar ke dukhi-pirit-bimar vyakti ki pira dur karte hain. galat jagah rishta nahin hone dete hain. parijnon ko vyapar adi kshetron men saflta, sabhi samasyaon se bachate hain, parijnon ko anisht se bachate, pragti-unnti ke marg par unmukh karte hain. pitron ki puja-archana-shraddh se hi ham jivan men safal ho pate hain. pitri dosh nivaran ke upay pitridosh adrishya badha hai, iske karan ka gyan hone men bahut samay lag jata hai. pitri dosh nivaran ka mukhya uddeshya yahi hota hai ki apke pitar apse rusht hain, ve apse prasann ho jayen aur apki unnati men badhak nahin banen.
yahan vibhinn prakar ke upayon ka ullekh kiya ja raha hai, jinka prayog karne par pitri dosh sanbandhi samasya se mukti milegi.
- samanya pitri dosh hone par athva pitron ke prasannarth pratyek amavasya ke din dopahar ya dopahar ke bad ke samay guggul, loban aur kapur ki dhup apne pitron ka smaran karte huye deni chahie aur use ghar ke sabhi kamron-baramdon men ghumana chahiye. isse pitar prasann hote hain aur ghar se nakaratmak urja nasht ho jati hai.
- samanya pitri dosh hone par ‘pitri karya amavasya’ (arthat pratyek amavasya ka madhyahn kal hota hai) par kisi pavitra brahman ko apne pitar ka rup mante hue bhojan karana chahiye aur samathrya ke anusar dan-dakshina pradan karni chahiye.
- apne pitron ki punya tithi par pratyek varsh shraddh karna chahiye, tarpan fir brahman bhojan karana chahiye. tatpashchat uchit dakshina, vastra, chappal ya jute tatha nitya prayog ane vali vastuen dan men deni chahie.
- shraddh paksh (ashvin mas) men brahman bhojan karayen. shraddh men tarpan, panchbli aur dan-dakshina karni chahiye. - kafi prayason ke bad bhi pitridosh samapt nahin ho raha hai to uparyukt upayon ke sath ‘shrimadbhagavadagita’ ka path shubh muhurt se praranbh karte hue nitya path karen ya karayen.
- yadi sabhi upay karne ke bad bhi pitri dosh shant nahin ho pa raha hai to antim ramban upay hai ‘‘shrimadbhagavat puran saptah’ ka ayojan kisi mandir men karvayen. yahi shreshthatam upay hai.
- vaishakh mas ki amavasya ke din pitron ko prasann karne hetu ‘ratri jagrn’ karke bhajan aur giton dvara pitar ya pitron ka avahan karen, unhen naivaidya arpit karen. pitron ka smaran kar unse ashirvad mangane. yadi ve kisi ke sharir men a jayen to bhi achcha hai. fir unse kshama aur ashirvad mangna asan ho jata hai.
- kisi parijan ki mrityu hone par ‘gayaji’ jakar pitrishanti avashya karvani chahiye. yadi ek hi bar jayen to sarva pitrishanti ke liye tarpan evan puja karvani chahiye.
- jab kisi parijan ki mrityu ho jaye to sabhi kriya-karm vidhi-vidhan se karvana chahiye. aise samay men ki gayi laprvahi pitri dosh ka karan banti hai.
- pitridosh hone par pirit vyakti athva parivar ke kisi sadasya ke dvara nitya ‘pitri sukta’ ka path karna chahiye. ‘pitri-sukta’ ke path se uske pitar sadaiv prasann rahte hain. yadi sanskrit men path kathin lage to hindi bhavarth ka path karen.