bharat varsh men pavitra punit shravan mas men sanpadit hone vale parva tyoharon men nag panchmi ki apni alag mahima hai. desh ke adhikatar bhagon men yah parva shravan shukla panchmi ko manaya jata hai. kintu kuch bhagon men ise krishnapaksh men bhi manae jane ki paranpra hai. lokakhyanon men ullikhit hai ki charachar nath ne adikal men jagat raksharth jin jivdhariyon ka nirman kiya unmen nag sarvopri hai.
sanpurn bhartiya upmhadvip men kisi n kisi rup men adar prapt nag ko devadhidev shiv ka abhushan kaha gaya hai, jise ve sadaiv gale men dharan kie rahte hain. shastra men ullekh hai ki sarp jati ko garurraj se ubarne vale shiv is jati ke param sanrakshak hain. dharmagyaon ki ray men yah dharti shesh nag par hi avlanbit hai. samudra manthan ki katha bhi vasuki nag se sanbaddh hai. dharmashastron ke anusar daksh prajapti ki putri kadru se utpann kashyap rishi ke patalvasi vanshaj nag hain aur inke vansh ko nagvansh kaha gaya hai jo adi kal se himalay ki ek prachin jati ke rup men khyat hai.
shiv shankar ke atirikt ganpti, vishnu, bhairav, kartikey, devi mansa, bihula bhavani, vishhri devi adi ke sath bhi nag ka sanbandh sarvavidit hai. isi tarah dvadash jyotirlingon men ek ka nam nageshvar hai. pragaitihasik bharat men bhi surya aur nagon ka vishesh dharmik mahatva tha. sindhu ghati sabhyata ke sthalon se prapt muhron men bhi nagon ka ankan dekha ja sakta hai jinmen kitne men fan bhi hain.
ek tabij men ek nag chabutre par leta hai. itihasagya maike ka manna hai ki aise hi chabutre par nagon ke lie dudh rakha jata tha. panchmark sikkon men bhi anya vastuon ke sath-sath nag ankit sikke ka milna is bat ka suchak hai ki us jamane tak samaj men nag ko dharmik mahatva mil chuka tha.
bhartiya janapad evan gan rajyon ke sikkon men bhi nag ko sthan diya gaya hai. inmen panchal v mathura kshetra se prapt prachin sikke pramukh hain. gupt kal ke purva udit nagvansh ka rajkiya chihn nag hi tha jaisa ki gupton ka garur aur mauryon ka mor bauddh sahitya men bhi ‘muchlind’ namak ek nagraj ki charcha hai jisne tathagat banne ki rah men saghnarat yogi siddharth ki apne vishalatam fan se raksha ki thi.
is katha se jura talab aj bhi hai jise ‘muchlind’ sarovr’ kaha jata hai. yah mahabodhi mahavihar parisar men hi hai. iske atirikt bharhut, sanchi, bodh gaya v amravti sthit stupon aur vedikaon men nag ka ankan iski mahatta ka muk gavah hai. desh ki prachinatam rajdhani rajgir ka maniyar math’ bhi nag pujan ka pramukh kendra hai jise hindu or bauddh dharmo ka sangam sthal bataya gaya hai.
jain dharm ke 23 ven tirthankar shri pashrvanath ko murtishilp men fandhari nag se shobhit dikhaya gaya hai. jiski sanprapti inhen pitri paranpra se hui thi. isai v islam dharm ki katha-kahaniyon men bhi sarp ke kai rochak v hairtangej karnamane ka ullekh hai. itihas gavah hai ki bharat ke svarnakal guptayug men anya devi devtaon ke sath sarp pujan ka bhi samaj men prachalan tha.
is yug ke bane mandiron men inhen yathochit sthan diya gaya hai. vishva ke sarvadhik lanbe v vishyukt sanp nag ko uski vishishtata ke karan hi sarparaj kaha jata hai jo atyadhik tej v buddhiman hota hai. log kahte hain ki yah manushya ko dekhte us par tut parta hai jabki vastavikta yah hai ki mauka milte hi yah manushya ki najron se dur chala jata hai. sanatan dharm men iske aranbh se hi nagon ki puja hoti rahi hai.
yahi karan hai ki unse juri kahaniyon ki hamare desh men koi kami nahin hai. hamare dharm men pratyek din subh-sham anyanya devi devtaon ke sath nagon ke smaran ka bhi vidhan kiya gaya hai jinki kul sankhya nau hai - ‘‘anantnag, vasuki nag, sheshnag , paùnabhnag, kanblnag, shankhpal nag, dhartarashtranag, takshakanag aur kaliyanag in nag namon ka subah sham path karne vale jatak par unke vish ka prabhav nahin parta aur vah sadaiv vijyi hota hai.
bharat varsh men nagon ke prati logon men gahri astha rahi hai. anek ganvon-nagron ke nam ke mul men nag hai yatha nagalaind (purvottar rajya), nagadvip (andman nikobar) nagodri, nagda aur nagaur (rajasthan ); nagapahanam aur nagnur (andhra pradesh); nagkhand (karnatk); nagpur (maharashtra), nagra (m. pra.); nagadhanva (panjab); nagrkoil (tamilnadu); anant nag aur shesh nag (kashmir) adi. desh men nag devta ke anek mandir hain jinmen tirtharaj prayag ka vasuki nag mandir sarvopri hai.
nagpujan ka prachya kendra shri vaidyanath dham ke atirikt mathura bhi hai. iske samipasth sonkh namak puja sthal se ek nag mandir ka avshesh mila hai. bhavishya puran ke brahmaparva men nagpanchmi ki katha ka vishad varnan hai. katha hai ki astik muni ne sarpayagya rokne ke lie pandvvanshi raja janmejay ko raji kiya tatha nagon ki raksha ki. karan nagmata kadru ne apne nagputron ko shrap de diya tha.
jis din yah mahayagya roka gaya us din shravan shukla panchmi thi. chunki sanpunr a nag jati ka yahi vijay divas raha, islie shiv ji ki sahmti se is tithi ko nag pujan ka shastrokt vidhan hai jiski paripati aj bhi dekhi ja sakti hai.
is tarah bharat apne jin vividh gaurvshali parvon ke karan vishvavikhyat hai unmen nagpanchmi bhi ek hai. yah sarpajati aur khasakar nag ke prati samman, adarsh v astha prakat karne ke lie manaya jata hai. kyon sarp anya jangam jivon ki bhanti manav samuday ke sahyogi rahe hain.
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