paryushan ek adhyatmik tyohar hai. is dauran aisa lagta hai mano jaise kisi ne das dharmon ki mala bana di ho. dasalakshan dharm ki sanpurn sadhna ke bina manushya ko mukti ka marg nahin mil sakta. paryushan parva ka pahla din hi ‘uttam kshama’ bhav ka din hota hai. dharm ke das lakshanon men ‘uttam kshama’ ki shakti atulya hai. kshama bhav atma ka dharm kahlata hai. yah dharm kisi vyakti vishesh ka nahin hota, balki samuche prani jagat ka hota hai. jain dharm men paryushan parva ke dauran dasalakshan dharm ka mahatva batlaya gaya hai. ve das dharm kshama, mardav, arjav, shauch, satya, sanyam, tap, tyag, ankichan aur brahmacharya batlae gae hain. vahi vahi dharm das lakshan hain, jo paryushan parva ke rup men akar, sabhi jain samuday aur unke sath-sath sanpurn prani jagat ko sukh shanti ka sandesh dete hain. jab kabhi ap krodhit hon tab ap muskurahat ko apnakar kshama bhav apna sakte hain, isse jab bhi kabhi ap krodhit hon tab ap muskurahat ko apnakar kshama bhav apna sakte hain. isse apke do fayde ho jaenge, ek to apke chehre par muskurahat a jaegi, jisse usi samay apke man ka sara krodh nasht hokar man men kshama ka bhav a jaega aur dusra apki nishchal muskurahat samne vale vyakti ke krodh ko bhi samapt kar degi, jisse nishchit hi unka bhi hriday parivartan ho jaega. kshama ek aisa bhav hai, jo hamen vair-bhav, pap-abhiman se dur rakhakar moksh marg ki or le jata hai. sanatan, jain, islam, sikh, isai, sabhi dharm ek hi bat batate hain ki ek din sabhi ko mitna hai atah paraspar mithas banae rakhen. mit jana hi sansar ka niyam hai. to fir ham kyon apne man men rag-dvesh, kashay ko dharan karen. atah hamen bhi chahie ki ham sabhi kashayon ka tyag karke apne man ko nirmal banakar sabhi chote-baron ke lie apne man men kshama bhav rakhen. jain puran kahte hain ki jahan kshama hoti hai vahan krodh, man, maya, lobh adi sabhi kashay apne ap hi nasht ho jate hain. jivan men jab bhi koi choti-bari pareshani ati hai tab vyakti apne mul svabhav ko chorakar patan ke raste par chal parta hai jo ki sahi nahin hai, har vyakti ko apna atmachintan karne ke pashchat satya rasta hi apnana chahie. hamari atma ka mul gun kshama hai. jiske jivan men kshama a jati hai uska jivan sarthak ho jata hai. kshama bhav ke bare men bhagvan mahavir kahte hain ki - ‘kshama virasya bhushnan.’ ‘arthat kshama viron ka abhushan hota hai. atah ap bhi is kshama parva par sabhi ko apne dil se mafi den.
kshamavani parva: svami vivekanand ne kaha hai ki tamam burai ke bad bhi ham apne apko pyar karna nahin chorte to fir dusre men koi bat napsand hone par bhi usse pyar kyon nahin kar sakte hanai? isi tarah bhagvan mahavir svami aur hamare anya sant-mahatma bhi prem aur kshama bhav ki shiksha dete hain. bhagvan mahavir ne hamen atm kalyan ke lie das dharmon ke das dipak die hain. prativarsh paryushan akar hamare antahkaran men daya, kshama aur manvta jagane ka karya karta hai. jaise har dipavli par ghar ki saf-safai ki jati hai, usi prakar paryushan parva man ki safai karne vala parva hai. isilie hamen sabse pahle kshama yachna hamare man se karni chahie. jab tak man ki katuta dur nahin hogi, tab tak kshamavani parva manane ka koi arth nahin hai. atah jab tak man ki katuta dur nahin hogi, tab tak kshamavani parva manane ka koi arth nahin hai. atah jain dharm kshama bhav hi sikhata hai. hamen bhi rojamarra ki sari katuta, kalushta ko bhul kar ek-dusre se mafi mangte hue aur ek-dusre ko maf karte hue sabhi gile-shikvon ko dur kar kshama parva manana chahie.
sugandh dashmi parva: bhadrapad men shukla paksh ki dashmi ko yah parva manaya jata hai. ise sugandh dashmi athva dhup dashmi kaha jata hai. jain manyataon ke anusar paryushan parva ke antargat ane vali sugandh dashmi ka kafi mahatva hai. is vrat ko vidhipurvak karne se manushya ke ashubh karmon ka kshay hokar punyabandh ka nirman hota hai tatha unhen svarg, moksh ki prapti hoti hai. is dauran jain samuday shahron/ ganvon men sabhi jain mandiron men jakar bhagvan ko dhup arpan karte hain jise dhup khevan bhi kaha jata hai, jisse sara vayumandal sugandhamay hokar, bahri vatavaran svachch aur khushnuma ho jata hai. is avasar par apne dvara hue bure karmon ke kshay ki bhavna man men lekar mandiron men bhagvan ke samaksh dhup charhai jati hai. kai mandiron men mandal vidhan ki sundar rachnaen, kai jaghon par jhankiyan, to kahin alg-alag jaghon ke tirth kshetra ki jhankiyan sajai jati hanai tatha svarn v rajat upkrnon se jinalyon ko sajaya jata hai. is din panchane pap (hinsa, jhuth, chori, kushil, parigrah) ka tyag kar bhagvan ki puja, svadhyay, dharm chintan, katha shravan evan samyik adi men samay vyatit karke sugandh dashmi ki puja ki jati hai. sham men dashmukh vale ghat men dashang dhup adi ka kshepan kar ratri ko arti-bhakti, bhajan adi men samay vyatit kar yah vrat kiya jata hai. sabhi jinalyon men chaibis tirthankron ko dhup arpit karke, bhagvan se achche tan-man ki prarthana ki jati hai. sath hi apne andar vyapt buraiyon ko dur karne ki bhagvan se prarthana ki jati hai, taki hamare sare bure karmon ka kshay hokar ham moksh ki or agrasar ho saken.
dasalakshan parva: krodh ek kashay hai jo vyakti ko apni sthiti se vichlit kar deti hai. is kashay ke aveg men vyakti vichar shunya ho jata hai aur hitahit ka vivek khokar kuch bhi karne ko taiyar ho jata hai. lakri men lagne vali ag jaise dusron ko jalati hi hai, par svayan lakri ko bhi jalati hai isi tarah krodh kashay ke svarup ko samajh lena aur us par vijay pa lena hi kshama dharm hai. manishiyon ne kaha hai ki krodh agyanta se shuru hota hai aur pashchattap se vichlit nahin hona hi kshama dharm hai. pashrvanath svami aur yashodhar muniraj ka aisa jivan raha ki inhonne apne kshama aur samta se pashan hriday ko bhi pani-pani kar diya. shutra-mitra, upkarak aur apkarak donon ke prati jo samta bhav rakha jata hai vahi sadhak aur sajjan purushon ka abhushan hai. shanti aur samta atma ka svabhavik dharm hai, jo kabhi nasht nahin ho sakta. yah bat alag hai ki kashay ka aveg uske svabhav ko dhank deta hai. pani kitna bhi garam kyon n ho par anttah apne svabhav ke anurup kisi n kisi agni ko bujha hi deta hai. agyani prani apne is dharm ko samajh nahin pata, kashayon ke vashibhut hokar sansar men bhatkta rahta hai. islie apne jivan men kshama ko dharan karna chahie. shat aryakam grihasthon ke chah arya karm hote hain. ijya, varta, datti, svadhyay, sanyam aur tap.
1. ijya- arhant bhagvan ki puja ko ijya kahte hain. iske panch bhed hain- nityamah, chaturmukh, kalpavriksh, ashtanhik aur aindradhvaj. nityamh- pratidin shakti ke anusar apne ghar se gandh, pushp, akshat adi ashtadravya samagri le jakar arhant dev ki puja karna, jinamandir, jinapratima adi ka nirman karna aur muniyon ki puja karna adi nityamah hai. chaturmukh- mukutabaddh rajaon ke dvara jo jinendra dev ki puja ki jati hai vah chaturmukh hai. ise mahabhadra ya sarvatobhadra bhi kahte hain. kalpavriksh - samast yachkon ko kimichchak dan - kya chahie? aisa unki ichchanusar dan dete hue jo chakravarti dvara jinpuja ki jati hai vah kalpavriksh puja hai. ashtanhik - nandishvar dvip men jakar kartik, falgun, asharh men indron dvara hone vali puja ashtanhik puja hai. aindradhvaj- indra, pratindra adi ke dvara ki gai puja aindradhvaj hai.
2. varta- asi, masi, krishi, vanijya, vidya aur shilp in chah karyon men se kisi bhi karya dvara ajivika karke dhan kamana varta hai.
3. datti- dan datti hai. iske char bhed hain- dayadatti, patradatti, samadatti aur sakaladatti. dayadatti - duahkhi praniyon ko daya purvak abhay adi dan dayadatti hai. patradatti - ratnatray dharak muni, aryika adi ko navdha bhakti purvak ahar dena, gyan, sanyam adi ke upakaran shastra, pichchi, kamandalu adi denra, aushdhi tatha vastika adi dena patradatti hai. samadatti - apne saman grihasthon ke lie kanya, bhumi, suvarn adi dena samadatti hai. anvayadatti - apni santan parampara ko kayam rakhne ke lie apne putra ko ya dattakaputra ko dhan aur dharm samarpan kar dena sakaladatti hai. ise anvayadatti bhi kahte hain.
4. svadhyay - tattvagyan ko parhna, parhana, smaran karna svadhyay hai.
5. sanyam - panch anuvraton se apni pravritti karna sanyam hai. 6. tap - upvas adi barah prakar ka tapashcharan karna tap hai. aryon ke in shatkarm men tatpar rahne vale grihasth hote hain.