is varsh (2003) pure bharat men holi do din manayi gayi- 18 march aur 19 march ko. aisa kyon hua? jin shastron ki ham itni barai karte hain, kya ve yah nirnay nahin de sakte ki parva kis din manana chahie ; ya ganna men sarkar kuch bhul kar gayi?
yah janakar sabko ashcharya hoga ki shastra kisi bhi parva ka nirnay karne men pure saksham hain. kisi bhi parva ke nirnay ke lie inmen itni sharten di hui hanai, jo shayad hajaron varshon men keval ek bar hi dekhne ko milti hanai aur is varsh to holi nirnay men shastron, ya panchango men matbhed bhi nahin tha. holika dahan sandhya vyapini purnima tithi men kiya jata hai, jo keval 17 march ko thi. purnima 17 march ko sham 7 baj kar 21 minat se shuru ho kar 18 march ko sayan 4 baj kar 6 minat tak thi. bhadra pratah 18 march ko 5 baj kar 46 minat tak thi. narad ke anusar:-
pradosh vyapini grahya purnima falguni sada.
tasyan bhadramukhan tyaktva pujya hola nishamukhe..
arthat holi sada falgun mas ki purnima ko pradosh vyapini grahan karen. usmen bhadra ke mukh ko tyag kar nisha mukh men holi ka pujan karen. bhavishyottar evan lalla ke anusar yadi pahle din pradosh n ho aur ho to bhi ratri bhar bhadra rahe aur dusre din suryast se pahle hi purnima samapt hoti ho, to aise avasar men bhadra ke puchch men holika dipan kar dena chahie
is prakar holika dahan 17 march ko hi hona tha aur aisa hua bhi. shastron ke anusar holika dahan ke agle din holi kheli jati hai. is prakar 18 march ko hi dhulaindi thi. lekin bharat sarkar ne holi ki chutti 19 march ki kar di. bharat men kai rajya sarkaron ne 18 march ko chutti rakhi. kyonki bharat sarkar ki manyata rajya sarkaron se adhik hai, antah yah parva 19 march ko ghoshit kar diya gaya, jo shastrasammat bilkul bhi nahin tha.
yah chuk kis karan hui? karan shayad yah raha hoga ki ek varsh purva jab sarkar chuttiyon ka kailendar taiyar karti hai, us samay keval yah dekh kar ki pratipda 19 march ki hai aur holi purnima ke agle din, arthat pratipda ko honi chahie, aisa man kar 19 tarikh ghoshit kar di gayi. sarkar ko chahie tha ki parva se purva vah is bhul ko sudhar leti. parva se juri bhavnaen avashya hi sarkar ki ghoshna se adhik mahatva rakhti hain. is bar to avashya hi sarkar se chuk hui, lekin kai bar panchagon men bhi bhed dekhne ko mil jate hain. unka kya karan hota hai? mukhya karan 2 rahte hain -
pratham panchag ki ganna kis vidhi se ki gayi hai- ketki siddhant, grah laghak siddhant, surya siddhant, ya fir adhunik paddhati se. dvitiya karan hai sthan, yani panchag kis sthan ke lie bana hai. har sthan ke lie suryonday ka samay bhinna-bhinn ho jata hai. tithi ki ganna isi par nirbhar karti hai aur tithi parva ki tarikh ka nirnay karti hai. pachang ki ganna ke lie aham ko are nahin ane dena chahie evan aj ki adhunik gannaon ko thik man lena chahie.
koi ganna shastrokt hai, to thik hai evan adhunik hai, to thik nahin hai, aisa manna jyotish ke kalyan men badhak hai. yadi falit kisi ganna se thik nahin a raha, to yah ganna ka dosh nahin, varan falit karne ke niyamon ka dosh hai. iske lie ganna ko n badal kar falit ke niyamon ka shodhan karna chahie. aj ke yug men jab upagrah bhi grahon tak pahunch chuke hain, ganna par sandeh karne ki gunjaish nahin rah jati.
ek bat aur bhi hai ki grahon ki chal men vyatikram (perturbations) ke karan unki sthiti badlti rahti hai, jise kisi ek sutra men piroya nahin ja sakta. sutron ke navinikaran ki sarvada avashyakta hai. shastron men diye gaye sutron men hajaron varshon se sudhar nahin kiya gaya hai. aj bhi unhin ko le kar chalte rahane, to yah thik nahin hai. yah jyotish ke navinikaran evan uddharan men badhak hai. atah grah spasht ke lie adhunik ganna paddhatiyon ko le kar kam karen, to panchango men bhi ekikaran sanbhav hai.
ab dusra karn-sthan ko samjhte hain. purva men, jahan suryoday pahle hota hai, tithi nahin badlti evan suryonday ho jata hai. is prakar purva men tithi kai bar 1 kam rah jati hai aur pashchim men jahan kailanedar ki tarikh kam hoti hai, ya ghari ka samay kam hota hai, vahan tithi adhik ho jati hai. tithi surya ke bhraman ke sath-sath barhti jati hai aur prithvi ke ek rekhansh par tithi badal jati hai. atah sthan parvon ke ekikaran men ganit ki badha ban jata hai. shastra bhi is vishay par maun hain.
jis prakar ghariyon ke ekikaran ke lie manak samay ka niyam lagu kiya gaya, kya usi prakar parvo ke lie manak akshansh tatha rekhansh sthapit nahin kiye ja sakte? yadi yah kiye bhi jaen, to bhi bare deshon men kai manak sthapit karne par sakte hanai. manak sthapit hone ke uprant bhi, parva ki ganna suryoday, suryast adi par adharit hone ke karan, parva manane ki ek tarikh nahin ati hai.
iska uttam vikalp hai ki parva jis sthan ka mukhya ho, usi akshansh-rekhansh ko us parva ke lie manak mana jae evan vishva men vahi tarikh uske lie nishchit ki jae. udaharan ke lie janmashtami krishn ke janm divas se sanbandhit hai. uske lie mathura ke akshansh-rekhansh par ganna kar tarikh ka nirnay karna chahie aur vahi pure vishva men manya honi chahie. is prakar sabhi parvon ke lie sthan ka chayan kar parvon ka ekikaran kiya ja sakta hai.