shishir ritu aur basant panchmi pan. sunil joshi junnarakar 14 janvri, makar sankranti ke bad shishir ritu ke rahte 31 janvri, magh shukla panchmi ko basant panchmi pure bharat men shraddhapurvak manai jaegi. prashn yah uthta hai ki basant ritu ke do mah purva hi basant panchmi kyon mana li jati hai? yah kaisi visangti hai? lekin vastav men yah visangti nahin hai. magh ka krishnapaksh param shitkal hota hai, kintu magh amavasya ke bad sardi kuch kam ho jati hai aur basanti bayar chalne lagti hai. rituraj basant ke sanbandh men maharshi gherand ne gherand sanhita men likha hai - anubhavan pravakshyami ritunan ch mayoditam. maghadi maghvanteshu vasantanubhavastatha॥ magh se vaishakh tak basant ka anubhav hota hai. ise madhumas kahte hain aur iska vatavaran modamay rahta hai. bahut pahle surya ki makar rashi men hone par karake ki thand para karti thi, islie is samay ko panchangon men parmshit kal likha jata tha, kintu ab prakriti ne apna rup badal liya hai. maharshi gherand ne ise pahle hi bhanp liya tha. vaigyanik kahte hain ki ojon parat men ched ho jane ke karan tapman men vriddhi hui hai. ab magh mah men makar sankranti ke bad shit ka prakop kam rahta hai aur basant ka khushnuma mausam mahsus hone lagta hai. ise ham bolchal ki bhasha men gulabi sardi kahte hain. yah samay rituraj basant ke agaman ki purva suchna deta hai, islie magh shukla panchmi ko basant panchmi ke rup men manana asangat nahin, purn yuktisangat hai. vagishvari ka avirbhav basant panchmi shri sarasvati jayanti ke rup men manai jati hai. kaha jata hai ki is din vidya ki adhishthatri devi sarasvati ji ka avirbhav hua tha. unke janm ki katha kuch is prakar hai. bhagvan vishnu ki agya se brahmaji srishti rachna karke jab prithvi par ae, to unhen charon or udasi si dikhai di. is nirvta ko dur karne ke lie prajapti brahmaji ne apne kamandal se jal lekar charon or chirak diya. un jalknon ke vrikshon par parte hi ek devi prakat hui. yah chaturbhuja devi do hathon se vina pakre hui thi tatha shesh do hathon men ved aur akshamala dharan kie thi. brahmaji ne us devi se vina bajakar udasi dur karne ko kaha. usne vina bajakar sab jivon ko vani pradan ki. sapt svaron ko jhankrit karne vali is devi ka nam unhonne sarasvati rakha. jagat ko vani pradan karne ke karan vah vagishvari kahlain. shri sarasvati dhyan svarup jo vidya ki devi kund ke ful, sharad purnima ke chandra, himknon aur motiyon ke har ki tarah dhaval varn ki hain, jo shvet vastra dharan karti hain, jinke hathon men vina shobhayman hai, jinka asan shvet kamal hai, brahma, vishnu, mahesh aur anya devtagan jinki sadaiv vandna karte hain aur jo jarta tatha agyan ka shaman karti hain, vah bhagvti sarasvati hamari raksha karen. sarasvati vandna is prakar karen- shukla varn vali, sanpurn charachar jagat men vyapt, adi shakti parabrahm ke vishay men kie jane vale vichar evan chintan ke sar rup, param utkarsh ko dharan karne vali, sabhi bhayon se abhydan dene vali, agyan ke andhkar ko mitane vali, hathon men vina, pustak aur sfatik ki mala dharan karne vali, shubh buddhi pradan karne vali, padmasan par virajman sarvochch aishvarya se alankrit bhagvti sharda ki main vandna karta hun, vah hamen satvik buddhi se sanpann karen. adhyayan praranbh karne ka shubh muhurt maghasya shuklapanchmi vidyaranbh dine'pi ch. purve'hi sanyam kritva tatrahi sanytah shuchiah॥ prachin kal men basant panchmi se vedadhyayan praranbh kiya jata tha. brahmavaivart puran ke anusar magh shukla panchmi vidyaranbh karne ka din hai. basant panchmi ke din balak ka upanayan sanskar karke sarasvati pujan ke pashchat aksharanrabh karana chahie. bhagvti sarasvati vidya, buddhi, gyan aur vani ki adhishthatri devi hain, islie vidyarthiyon ko unka vrat evan pujan avashya hi karna chahie. vidyarthi, shikshak, kalakar, sahityakar, jyotishi adi sabhi unki kripa ke abhilashi rahte hain. maharshi valmiki, vashishth, vishvamitra, shaunak adi rishi-muni mata sarasvati ki kripa se hi yashasvi hue hain. shastron men devi sarasvati ka dvadash nam stotra prasiddh hai. unki stuti in namon se nitya karni chahie - bharti, sarasvati, sharda, hansvahini, jagtkhyati, vagishvari, kumudi, brahmacharini, buddhidatri, vardayini, chandrakanta aur bhuvneshvari. in barah namon ki stuti ke sath jo sandhyavandan karta hai, brahmasvarupa sarasvati uski jihna par virajman ho jati hain. man sarasvati ka pujan pile ya kesriya vastra pahanakar kiya jata hai. kesar, palash ya sarson ke fulon se unhen pushpanjli arpit ki jati hai aur mithe kesriya bhat (chavl) ka naivedya arpit kiya jata hai. sarasvati nadiyon men shreshth hai tatha tinon deviyon men bhi sarasvati shreshth hain. sarasvati nadi papharini pavitrakarini hai aur rasasvati devi vidya-vivek ki datri hain. vah hamen gyan ka prakash aur dhan-sanpatti pradan karti hain.
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