vaidik kal men bhavan vinyas (nirman) ke mukhyatah tin ang mane gae hain, yatha mukhya dvar, atithi grih evan shayanakaksh. bhavan ki mukhya pahchan ghar ke ‘mukhya dvar’ se hoti hai, jismen bhavan ki gailri (pauri), angan adi bhi sammilit hote hain. bhavan ka dusra v mahatvapurn ang hai, ‘‘atithi grih’ arthat baithak, jahan agantukon ko bithaya tatha svagat kiya jata hai. bhavan ka tisra ati mahatvapurn ang hai ‘antahpur; arthat ‘shayan kaksha’, jo parivar ke sadasyon, visheshakar striyon ke liye vishesh bhag hota hai.
ghar ya bhavan ke dusre bhag ke dahine pashrva men ‘pakshala’ arthat ‘rasoighr’ ke nirman ki vyavastha karni chahie. iske uttar ki or pavitra sthan arthat devgrih ya puja-path ka kaksh hota hai. vaidik kalin bhavan nirman men atyadhik sugmta aur sadgi hoti thi. bhartiya vanmay ke anusar vishvakarma ko hi vastushastra ka acharya mana jata hai. dakshin bhartiya bhashaon men ‘samrangan sutradhar’ namak ek granth hai, jo vishvakarma ke karmath ‘vastuvid’ hone ka praman deta hai.
vaidik yug men hi ‘sinhal dvip’ men yakshadhipti kuber (ravan ka bhai) dvara basai gai svarnanagari ‘lanka’ thi jis par bad men ‘ravn’ ka adhikar ho gaya. sinhal dvip ki svarnanagari men jis vastu kala ka pradarshan hua tha, vah bhartiya upmhadvip ka ek jivant udaharan hai. yadyapi aj us svarnamayi lanka ke avshesh bhi nahin, lekin dakshin bharat ke mandir aur devalay adi sab vaidik kalin anukritiyan hain.
devshilpi vishvakarma ne anek devpur banae the, jinmen shrikrishn ki dvarika ka nirman ek jivant udaharan hai. dvarika gujrat ke samudra-tat se lagi hui ek vaidik kalin svarna-nagari thi. devshilpi vishvakarma ne hi vastushastra ke siddhanton ki rachna ki thi. unhonne hi is bat ka ullekh kiya tha ki ‘vastu shastri’ ko gyani v vidvan hona chahie. use bhugol, samudrik ganit (jyotish), disha, grah-nakshatra evan chandon ka gyan hona chahiye.
aj bhi bharat men devshilpi vishvakarma ki jayanti dhumdham se manai jati hai. vaidik kalin bhavn-nirman evan samagri rigved adi granthon men durg evan prasadon (raj bhavn) adi ke nirman men dhatuon, jaise-sona, chandi, tanba, loha adi ke atirikt shilakhandon, mulyavan-majbut lakriyon - jaise-devdar, shisham, sal, chandan adi bans, ghas-funs, patton adi ka prayog kiya jata tha. upnishad evan anya granthon men likha hai ki ganvon ke ghar vargakar evan aytakar hote the. vaidik sthapatya kala ki jhalak bauddhakalin stupon men milti hai. kam abadi ke kshetron ko gram arthat ganv tatha adhik abadi ke kshetron ko ‘pur’ kaha jata tha.
‘pur’ shabd ka arth nagar se bhi liya jata hai. ‘pur’ ke andar hi durg, garh aur prasad hua karte the. ‘pur’ ke andar kisi prakar ki basti, mohalla ya avasiya kaeloniyon ka spasht ullekh to nahin milta hai lekin us kal ke durg aur garh jahan bhi pae jate the, uske as-pas upngriya avas ke lie bastiyan adi basai jati thin.
purva men bahri akraman se suraksha ke lie nagar ke charon or vishal divar banai jati thi taki shatru ke hamle ke dauran in divaron ke parkote se un par akraman kiya ja sake. upngriya divar ka thos praman aj bhi chin ki vah abhedya divar hai, jo aj bhi vastuvidon ko chakit kar rahi hai. vaidik yug se aj tak ke yug men pravesh karne tak vastushastra ne anek ayam dekh lie hain kintu vastu shastra ki prachin parikalpana ab bhi bharat ke ganvon ya adivasi kshetron men bahutayat dekhne ko mil jati hain, jahan mitti, patthar, ghas-fus, lakriyon, banson adi se gharon ka nirman kiya jata hai.
atharvaved men tatha anek ‘brahman granthon’ men grih ka arth nivas ke rup men prayog hua hai. sindhu ghati ki sabhyata men jo grih-akar dekhne ko mile hain unmen mitti, int v chune ka prayog kiya gaya hai. sindhu ghati ki sabhyata men chat adi ko patne men lakri aur ghas-fus ka prayog kiya jata tha jo kalantar men mitti se dabne ke karan nasht ho gaya. aise gharon ki rachna gol, chaikor athva aytakar hoti thi, chat sapat hoti thi. divaron ko safed mitti ya chune se pota jata tha. ghar men bana angan v farsh bhi kathor mitti v chune ka bana hota tha. vaidik kalin ghar anek kamron se yukt hote the, jinmen ek sath kai parivar rah sakte the. dumanjila-timanjila bhavnon ka ullekh bhi us samay milta hai.
ghar ke angan ke sath pashuon ka bara bhi hota tha jabki grihon men bhutal par pashushala aur ashvashala hoti thi. upri manjil men avasiya kaksh bane hote the. avasiya prakoshth men bane pashuon ke bare ko goth kaha jata tha. aj bhi uttarakhand, himachal aur kashmir men makan ke bhutal par pashuon ke lie goth banae jate hain tatha pahli manjil par rahne ke kamre banae jate hain. parvatiya vastukla men aj bhi ‘vaidik kalin’ grih-nirman ki paranpra jivit hai.
jivan men jarurat hai jyotishiya margadarshan ki? abhi bat karen fyuchar point jyotishiyon se!