yah parvotsav magh mas shukla paksh panchmi tithi ko dhumdham se manaya jata hai. yah parva rituraj vasant ki aguvani ki suchna deta hai. is din se hi hori tatha dhamar git praranbh kie jate hain. gehun tatha jau ki svarnim baliyan bhagvan ko arpit ki jati hain. nar-nari-balak balikayen sabhi vasanti v pit vastra dharan karte hain. is tithi ko shri panchmi v shri sarasvati jayanti ke nam se bhi jana jata hai. bhagvan vishnu, mata lakshmi v man sarasvati ke vrat pujan se abhisht kamnayen siddh hokar sthir lakshmi v vidya buddhi ki prapti hoti hai. vasant panchmi ke agaman se sharir men sfurti v chetna shakti jagrit hoti hai. baurae amra vrikshon par madhup (bhaure) gunjar tatha koyl-kuk mukhrit hone lagti hai. gulab, malti adi men ful khil jate hain. mand-sugandh-shital pavan bahne lagti hai. is ritu ke pramukh devta kam tatha rati hain atah vasant ritu kamoddipak hota hai. charak sanhita ka kathan hai ki is ritu men striyon tatha vanon ka sevan karna chahie. kam tatha rati ki vishesh puja karni chahie. ved men kaha gaya hai ki ‘vasante brahmanamupnyit’ ved adhyayan ka bhi yahi samay tha. balkon ko isi din vidyalay men pravesh dilana chahie. keshar se kanse ki thali men ‘un ain sarasvatyai namah’ mantra ko nau bar likhakar thali men gangajal dalakar jab likhit mantra purnataya gangajal men ghul jay to us jal ko mand buddhi balak ko pila dene se uski buddhi prakhar hoti hai. magh shukla purvaviddha panchmi ko uttam vedi par navin pit vastra bichakar akshaton ka ashtadal kamal banayen. uske agrabhag men ganesh ji aur prishth bhag men ‘vasant’ jau, gehun ki bal ka punj (jo jalpurn kalash men danthal sahit rakhakar banaya jata hai) sthapit karke sarvapratham ganeshji ka pujan karen, punah ukt punj men rati aur kamdev ka pujan karen. un par abir adi ke pushpopam chinte lagakar vasant sadrish banaen. tatpashchat ‘shubha ratiah prakartavya vasantojjval bhushna. nrityamana shubha devi samastabhrnairyuta.. vinavadnshila ch madakarpuracharchita’ se ‘rati’ ka aur kamdevastu kartavyo rupenapratimon bhuvi. ashtabahuah s kartavyah shankhapadm vibhushnah .. chapbanakarashchaiv madadanchitlochnah. ratiah pritistatha shaktirmadashaktist - thojjvala.. chatastrastasya kartavyaah patnyo rupmnohraah. chatvarashch karastasya karya bharyastanopgaah.. ketushch makrah karyah panchban mukho mahan.’ se kamdev ka dhyan karke vividh prakar ke fal, pushp aur patradi samarpan karane to grihasth jivan sukhamay hokar pratyek karya men utsah prapt hota hai. vasant ritu rason ki khan hai aur is ritu men vah divya ras utpann hota hai jo jad-chetan ko unmatt karta hai. iski katha is prakar hai- bhagvan vishnu ki agya se prajapti brahma ne srishti rachna ki. svayan ke srishti rachna kaushal ko jab is sansar men brahmaji ne nayan bharke dekha to chahun or sunsan nirjanata hi dikhayi di. udasi se sanpurn vatavaran muk sa ho gaya tha jaise kisi ke vani hi n ho. is drishya ko dekhakar brahmaji ne udasi tatha sunepan ko dur karne hetu apne kamandal se jal chidka. un jalknon ke padte hi vrikshon se ek shakti utpann hui jo donon hathon se vina baja rahi thi tatha do hathon men kramshah pustak tatha mala dharan kie thi. brahmaji ne us devi se vina bajakar sansar ki udasi, nirjanata, mukta ko dur karne ko kaha. tab us devi ne vina ke madhur-madhur nad (dhvani) se sab jivon ko vani pradan ki, isilie us achintya rup lavanya ki devi ko sarasvati kaha gaya. yah devi vidya buddhi ko dene vali hai. atah is din- dhyan: ya kundendutusharhardhvla ya shubhravastravritta. ya vinavaradandamanditkra ya shvet padmasna.. ya brahmachyutshankraprabhritibhirdevaiah sada vandita. sa man patu sarasvati bhagvti niahsheshjadayyapha.. tatha ‘un vina pustak dharinyai shri sarasvatyai namah’ is nam mantra se gandhadi upcharon dvara shodshopchar pujan karen. sansar men mata sarasvati ka svarup hansvahini-vina vadini ke rup men hai jahan ye vidya, kala, sangit aur sahitya ki adhishthatri mahadevi hain. vahin ashtamukhi mahasarasvati ke rup men sanpurn srishti ka adhar aur nirakar brahm ka sakar rup bhi ap hi hain. adyashakti mata ne bhagvti durga ka rup dharan karne se pahle gyan, kala, sahitya aur sangit man adhishthatri devi sarasvati ka hi rup dharan kiya tha. durga saptashati ke anusar dusre manu ke rajyakal men ek bar surath namak raja aur samadhi namak vaishya maharishi medha ke ashram men gaye. raja ka rajya chin gaya tha aur vaishya ko stri, putron ne ghar se nikal diya tha. unke dukhon ka karan aur nivaran ke lie ve maharishi ke pas aye the. maharishi ne ur diya ki bade-bade gyani is moh jal men fans jate hain. bhagvan vishnu ki shakti yog nidra vyaktiyon ko moh men jakdti hai. bhagvti bhavani jis par kripa karti hai ve is moh se bach jate hain aur ant men moksh ko prapt hote hain. bhagvan vishnu bhi jab pralay kal ke samay yog nidra ke vashibhut hokar nishkriya ho jate hain tab bhagvti hi unhen jagakar devtaon ki raksha ke lie prerit karti hai. maharshi medha ne kaha- prachin samay men shunbh aur nishunbh namak do rakshas bhaiyon ne devtaon se svarg aur devraj indra se unka asan tak chin liya, devtaon se sabhi adhikar chinne ke bad devta shrihin hokar bhumandal par bhatkne lage. sabhi devi-devta jante the ki unhen in rakshason se keval yogmaya hi bacha sakti hai. sabhi devi-devta himalay parvat par jakar tarh-tarah se mata ki stuti karne lage. unki stuti se prasann hokar mata parvati ji ne darshan diye aur unhonne devtaon ki pukar par apne sharir kosh se bhagvti amba ka pradurbhav kiya. parvati man ke sharir kosh se prakat hone ke karan unka ek nam kaushiki hai to parmtejomay sarasvat rup hone ke karan ek aur dusra nam mahasarasvati bhi hai. bhagvti anbika solah varshiya sarasvati ji ka rup dharan karke ek parvat shikhar par tapasya karne baith gayin. shanbh nishunbh ke duton ne akar dekha aur mata ke rup ki prashansa un daitya rajaon se ki. shanbh nishanbh ne pahle duton ko aur fir sari sena ko devi ko pakdne ke lie bheja, sena ke mare jane par shanubh nishanbh svayan aye aur devi dvara mare gaye. durga saptashati men iska vistar purvak varnan hai. parantu sankshep men keval itna hi samajh len ki mata mahasarasvati hi durga bhi hain aur mahakali bhi tatha nirakar rup men bhagvti yog maya bhi ap hi hain. markandey puran men varnit durga-charit men mata durga ke ek rup men mata sarasvati hain islie sarasvati ke bina durga puja sampann nahin hoti. shastron men aisa bhi varnit milta hai ki mateshvari sarasvati ji ke jagat pita brahmaji se tin sanbandh hai. ye tinon sanbandh n keval puri tarah alg-alag hain balki paraspar virodhi bhi hain. sabhi devon ki ut hone ke karan brahma, vishnu aur mahesh ki tatha sabhi devtaon aur charachar jiv jagat ki mata hain. vina vadini aur hans vahini rup men brahma ji ki putri hain. iske sath hi shaktirup men ap brahma ji ki adrdhangini bhi hain. yahi karan hai ki shastron men kahin brahma ji ki mata, kahin putri aur kahin bharya kaha gaya hai. shastron men yah bhi varnan milta hai ki srishti ke praranbh men bhagvan vishnu ki tin patniyan mahalakshmi, sarasvatiji aur gangaji thin. sautnan hone ke karan apas men jhagda hota tha. ek bar isi jhagde ne vishal rup liya aur ek-dusre ko shrap de diya. shrap ke karan sarasvati aur ganga nadi ke rup men aur mahalakshmiji tulsi ke rup men is dev bhumi bharat men avtrit huin. bad men sagr-manthan ke samay sagar se prakat hui lakshmiji ko bhagvan vishn ne bharya ke rup men grahan kiya. tirth raj prayag se lupt hokar sarasvati ke baikunth pahanchne par shri hari ne jagadpita ki patni banne hetu brahma ji ke nikat bhej diya. ganga ji to pahle hi bhagvan shiv ki jataon men hain. aisi kathayen shastron men prachlit hain. mata sarasvati ke alg-alag svarup hain. sabhi matri shaktiyan mahasarasvati ka hi vibhinn svarup hain. yahi karan hai ki bangal aur purvi bharat ke anya rajyon men durga ke saman hi sarasvati ji ki bhi samuhik pujaon ke bhi bhavya ayojan hote hain. vahan kali ke sath hi sarasvati ki bhi puja ki jati hai. mata sarasvati ke adhikansh mandir hamare desh men nahin hain. shayad yahi karan hai ki mata sarasvati ke sare bhakt ghar men kisi pavitra sthan par mateshvari ki murti athva chitra lagakar puja-aradhna karte hain. vaise to durga puja ke sath-sath sarasvati pujan to hota hi hai. lekin magh mahine ki shukla paksh ki panchmi tithi ko sarasvati pujan ka vidhan hai. bhagvan vishnu tatha sarasvati ji ki murti ya tasvir ko sthapit karke dhup, dip, naivedya v gulal ke sath puja karni chahie. mithe-chavlon ka bhog lagane ki paranpra hai. sabse pahle panchopchar puja men mateshvari sarasvati ji tatha bhagvan vishnu ka chitra lagakar, samip hi chand pani ki bunden bhumi par girate hain ya dhatu ki murti lagakar jal se snan karva ke vastra adi arpan karte hain. fir chandan aur sindur tilak lagate hain aur naivedya adi arpan karte hain. fir pushp arpit karne ke bad dhup, dip jalakar arti ki jati hai. fir dashopchar puja ka vidhan hai. jaise charnon ko pakharna, aghrya, (jal chadhana) achaman snan karana, vastra pahnana, chandan lagana, chaval chadhana, pushp ityadi arpan karna, dhup dip jalana, arti karna, bhog lagana yah dashopchar puja hai. agle charan men shodshopchar puja ki jati hai. sarvapratham svastivachan se ganesh vandna tak karne ke bad aradhya devi sarasvati aur bhagvan vishnu ko asan samarpit karte hain. fir mantra uchcharan karte hue vastuen samarpit ki jati hain. snan hetu shraddha anusar dudh, dahi, shahad, ghrit, shakkar, ganga jal ka prayog kiya jata hai. dhatu ki pratima, chitra ya tasvir hai to alag se kisi bartan men apni bhavna se dudh, dahi, shahad, ghrit, shakkar, gangajal dikhakar bhumi par gira dena chahie uske bad vastra samarpit karne ke bad lal chandan ke sath-sath kesar kunkum bhi prayog men laye jate hain. sanpurn shringar karne ke bad dhup, dip, naivedya samarpan karke pradakshina ki jati hai. fir tambul, pungi fal (pan-supari) ke sath dakshina bhi samarpit ki jati hai. pushp ityadi chadhakar dhup-, dip, arti karke namaskar stuti karke chalisa, mantron tatha arti dvara puja ki jati hai fir kshamayachna ityadi ki jati hai. shodshopchar men dhyan, ahnan, asan, padya, aghrya, achaman, snan, vastra, yagyaopvit v abhushan, gandh (chandn-kesr), pushp samarpan, ang-puja, archana, dhup, dip, naivedya evan fal, tanbul, dakshina, arti adi pradakshina, pushpanjli, namaskar, stuti, jap ityadi karne ke bad agle din subah murti ko kisi pavitra nadi par le jate hain aur kshama yachna karke vishesh aghrya dekar, jal arti ki jati hai. uske bad visarjan kar diya jata hai.
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