santanotpatti ke samay se upanayanaparyant sanskarik kriyaen prashna: parivar men santanotpaÿia ke samay kya-kya sanskarik kriyaen ki jani chahie tatha kin-kin baton ka vishesh dhyan rakha jana chahie? ki jane vali kriyaon ke piche chipe tathya, karan v prabhav kya hain? vistrit vivaran den. santanotpatti ke samay garbhavati ko supachya paushtik khir khilai jati hai. prachin samay men simantonnayan sanskar ke avasar par vina vadan ke sath somrag ka gan adi bhi hota tha jo garbhavati ko prafullit karne tatha bhakti ka sanskar bharne ka ek uÿam sadhan tha. vishnuvli: garbh ke athven mas men yah sanskar kiya jata hai. is sanskar men bhagvan vishnu ke lie agni men chainsath vali rup ahutiyan arpit ki jati hain. vaidik sukton se vishnu ki stuti ki jati hai. is sanskar ke dvara garbhasth shishu ki suraksha hoti hai, garbhachyuti ka bhay dur hota hai. jatakarma: shishu ke janm lene par jo sanskar kiya jata hai use jatakarm kahte hain. jatakarm sanskar ka mukhya ang meghajanan sanskar hai. is sanskar dvara matri-pitrij sharirik doshon ka shaman hota hai. pita athva ghar ka vayovriddh vyakti dvara nal katne ke pashchat svarn ki salai se shishu ko madhu aur ghrit visham matra men chatana chahie. isi ke sath santanotpaÿia se purva ki sanskarit kriyaen purn ho jati hain. janm ke chathe din kiya jane vala shashthi sanskar: puranon ke anusar shishu ko dirghayu banana, uska rakshan aur bharn-poshan karna bhagvti shashthi devi ka svabhavik gun hai. nandray ji evan yashoda ne jagat ke palak shri krishn ke janm ke chathe din apne putra ke arisht nivarnarth brahmanon ko bulakar bhagvti shashthi ka pujan vidhipurvak karvaya tha. aj shishu ke janm ke chathe din prasutigrih men chathi-pujn-sanskar ka vidhan prachlit hai. puranon men shashthi devi ki bari mahÿaa pratipadit ki gai hai. mul prakriti ke chathe ansh se prakat hone se ‘shashthi’ nam para hai. yah brahma ki manas putri evan shiv-parvati ke putra skand ki pranapriya devsena ke nam se prakhyat hain. inhen vishnumaya aur balda bhi kaha jata hai. ye shodash matrikaon men parignit hain. bhagvti shashthi devi apne yog ke prabhav se shishuon ke pas sadaiv vriddhamata ke rup men vidyaman rahti hain tatha unki raksha evan bharn-poshan karti rahti hain. shishu ko svapn men khilati, hansati dulrati evan vatsalya pradan karti rahti hain. isi karan sabhi shishu adhikansh samay sona hi pasand karte hain. ankh khulte hi unki drishti se bhagvti ojhal ho jati hain, atah kabhi-kabhi shishu bahut jor se rone bhi lagte hain. prasuti sutak (jannashauch): balak ke janm ke sath hi ghar men das divsiya sutak lag jata hai. is avdhi men ghar men pratishthit devtaon ka pujan parivar ke asgotriya sadasya (bahn-beti ke parivar) ya brahman dvara karaya jata hai. isi karan namakaran sanskar, havan, pujan adi janm se 11ven din sanpann kiya jaat hai. kintu puranon ke anusar bhagvti shashthi devi ka pujan balak ke pita evan mata dvara hi chathe din kiya jata hai. ismen jannashauch ka vichar nahin mana gaya hai. shashthi devi ka pujan prayah sham ko karne ki paranpra hai. devi pujan men prayukt hone vali sabhi samagriyon se pujan karna chahie. ismen mukhya rup se vighnesh, shashthi devi aur jivantka devi ka pujan hota hai. namakaran sanskar: shubh muhurt men sutka snan ke anantar grih shuddhi karen . ganpti adi grah, matrika tatha varun ka pujan karke nandi mukh shraddh karen. shishu ko snan karakar navin vastra pahnaen. svasti vachan ke sath mata ki god men shishu ko purvabhimukh litakar uske dahine kan men ‘‘amuk sharmashi, amuk varmashi’’ ityadi nam tin bar sunaen. tadnantar brahman bhojan karaen. jan bhasha men ise dashoghn ya das divsiya jannashoaich nivriÿia kaha jata hai. nam do prakar ke die jate hain - ek janm nakshatra ka nam jo guhya hota hai, aur dusra pukar ka nam jo pita shishu ke kan men kahta hai. pukar ka nam vyavhar ke lie hota hai. nam keval shabd hi nahin ek kalyanamay vichar bhi hai. namakaran sanskar charon varnon ka hota hai. stri evan shudra ka amantrak evan vijatiyon ka samantrak hota hai. brahman ka nam manglkari evan sharma yukt, kshatriya ka bal tatha raksha samanvit, vaishya ka dhan, pushti yukt tatha shudra ka dainya aur seva bhav yukt hota hai. striyon ke nam sukomal, manohari, manglkari tatha dirgh varnant hone chahie jaise yashoda. kuch rishiyon ne nakshatra nam ko mata-pita ki jankari men rahna upyukt bataya hai arthat jise mata-pita hi janen anya nahin. vyavhar nam hi prachalan men rahna chahie taki shatru ke avichar adi karmon se shishu ki raksha ki ja sake. atah mata-pita bhi use vyavhar nam se hi sanbodhit karen. aj is ikkisvin sadi men namakaran kar n to is prachin sanskri ti ki raksha ki jati hai aur n naitikta ka palan hi hota hai. koi apni bachchi ko lili kahta hai to koi bebi aur koi dauli. kuch log apne larlon ko henri jaik, jenshan, harve, jaise namon se pukar kar bari prasannata ka anubhav karte hain. ashvin, ashlesha, magha, jyeshtha, mula aur revti yu chah gandmul nakshatra hain. inmen se kisi bhi nakshatra men janma shishu mata-pita, apne kul ya apne sharir ke lie kashtadayak hota hai. iske viprit yadi sankat samapt ho jae to apar dhan ki, vaibhav, aishvarya, vahan adi ka svami hota hai. jyotish shastra ke anusar to uchit yahi hai ki 27 din tak pita ko aise shishu ka mukh nahin dekhna chahie. mul shanti karane ke bad hi sanbandhit nakshatra ka dan, havan, puja adi karakar 27 din bad hi mukh dekhen. 27 din bad hi jab vahi nakshatra fir ae tab purohit dvara mul shanti karakar yathasanbhav dan adi karke hi prasuti snan karana chahie aur uske bad hi namakaran sanskar karna chahie. jhula arohn: janmadin se 10, 12, 16, 22, evan 32 ven din shishu ko aramdeh jhule men sulana chahie. jhule men dalne se purva shubh tithi, var, nakshatra, yog adi ka vichar kar lena chahie. mata, dada ya dadi ko bhagvan vishnu ka dhyan karte hue shishu ko jhule men sir purva ki or rakhakar sulana chahie. aisa karne se shishu ki ayu evan aishvarya ki vriddhi hoti hai. nishkraman sanskar: yah sanskar us samay kiya jata hai jab balak ko sarvapratham ghar se bahar le jana ho. namakaran sanskar ke dusre athva chaithe mah men shubh muhurt dekhakar nishkraman sanskar karna chahie. ghar se bahar sarva pratham pas ke kisi mandir men balak ko le jana chahie tatha usi ratri men shukla paksh ke chandra ke darshan karana chahie. bhumyopveshn: panchven mas me bhumyopveshan namak sanskar hota hai. shubh din shubh nakshatradi men prithvi aur barah ka pujan kar balak ki kamar men sutra bandhakar prithvi par bithate hain aur prithvi se is prakar prarthana karte hain- rakshainan vasudhe devi sada sarvagtan shubhe. ayuah pramanan saklan nikshipasav haripriye.. is avasar par pustak, kalam, mashin adi vibhinn vastuen balak ke samne rakhi jati hain. vah jis vastu ko sabse pahle uthata hai use hi uski ajivika ka sadhan manakar use tadnurup shiksha di jati hai. vardhapan sanskar: shishu dirghayu aur uska jivan sukhamay ho iske lie shastron men pratyek varsh janm tithi ko vardhapan sanskar ka vidhan kiya gaya hai. vardhapan sanskar suruchi purn, svasthya vardhak, ayu vivardhak evan samriddhi dayak hota hai. sanatan dharm men manushya ke janm ke anantar pahle varsh pratyek mas men janm tithi ko akhand dip prajvalit kar janmotsav manane ka vidhan hai. iske bad pratyek varsh janm mas men parne vali janm tithi ko janmotsav manaya jata hai. is din sarvapratham sharir men til ka ubatan lagakar til mishrit jal se snan karna chahie. tadnantar nutan vastra dharan karke asan par baithakar tilak lagaen aur guru ki puja karke akshat pushpon par nimnalikhit prakar se devtaon ka avahan tatha pratishtha karke unki puja karen. sarvapratham ‘‘kul devtayai namah’’ mantra se kul devta ka avahan evan pujan karen. fir janm nakshatra, mata-pita, prajapti, surya, ganesh, markandey, vyas, parshuram, ashvatthama, kripacharya, bali, prahlad, hanuman, vibhishan evan shashthi devi ka akshat punjon par nam mantra se avahan karke unki puja karni chahie. tatpashchat markandey ji ko shvet til aur gun mishrit dudh tatha shashthi devi ko dahi bhat ka naivedya arpit karen. iske bad kalp kalpanti jivi mahamuni markandey ji se dirgh ayu tatha arogya ki prarthana karen. is din nakh aur kesh nahin kataen. garm pani se nahin nahaen. apne se baron ka abhivadan karen. vartaman men chal pari kek katakar ‘‘haippi barth de tu yu’’ kahte hue janmadin manana pashchatya sanskriti ka andhanukaran matra hai. isse sarvatha bachte hue bhartiya sanatan aradhna paddhati hi apnana chahie. anyatha mangal kam amangal ki ashanka adhik rahti hai. ann prashan sanskar: is sanskar ke dvara mata ke garbh men malin-bhakshana-janm dosh jo balak men a jate hain unka nash ho jata hai (annanashnanmatrigarbhe malashadyapi shuddhayati). jab balak chah-sat mas ka hota hai, dant niklne lagte hain, pachan shakti prabal hone lagti hai, tab yah sanskar kiya jata hai. shubh muhurt men devtaon ka pujan karne ke pashchat mata-pita adi sone ya chandi ki salaka ya chammach se nimnalikhit mantra bolakar khir adi pavitra aur pushtikarak ann chatate hain. shivau testan vrihiyavavblasavdomdhau. etau yakshman vi bodhte etau munchato anhsah.. arthat he balk! jau aur chaval tumhare lie baldayak aur pushtikarak hon kyonki ye donon vastuen yakshmanashak hain tatha devann hone se pap nashak hain. churakarm sanskar: ise mundan sanskar bhi kahte hain. yah sanskar janm ke pratham varsh, tritiya varsh ya pancham varsh men kiya jata hai. bal katne ke lie balak ko purva ki or mukh karke bithaen. bich men mang nikalakar daen, baen aur piche ki or sir men balon ko bail ke gobar men lapetakar rakhna chahie. kate hue balon ko gobar sahit ek navin vastra men rakhakar jamin men gar dena chahie. karn vedhn: yah sanskar purn purushatva evan stritva ki prapti ke lie kiya jata hai. shastron men karn vedhan rahit purush ko shastra ka adhikari nahin mana gaya hai. yah sanskar shishu janm se chah mas se 16 mas ke bich athva tin, panch adi visham varshiya ayu men ya kul paranpragat achar ke anurup sanpann karana chahie surya ki kirnen kanon ke chidra se pravisht hokar balk-balika ko pavitra karti hain aur tej sanpann banati hain. brahman aur vaishya ka rajat shalaka se kshatriya ka svarn shalaka se tatha shudra ka lauh shalaka se karn chedan ka vidhan hai. ayurved ke anusar kanon men ched karne se ek aisi nas bindu jati hai jisse antra vriddhi (harniya) rog nahin hota hai. isse purushatva nasht karne vale rogon se raksha hoti hai. upanayan sanskar: is sanskar ko yagyaopvit ya janeu sanskar bhi kahte hain. is sanskar se manav jivan ke vikas ka aranbh mana jata hai. kaha jata hai ki yagyaopvit dharan karne se karoron janmon ke sanchit pap karm nasht ho jate hain. shudron ko yah sanskar nahin karaya jata. brahman ka upanayan sanskar athven varsh men, kshatriya ka gayarhven aur vaishya ka barhven varsh men karna chahie. varsh ki ganna garbh ke samay se karni chahie. upanayan sanskar ke samay vibhinn vaidik mantron ke alava gayatri mantra ka purashcharan bhi kiya jata hai aur acharya balak ko gayatri mantra ki diksha deta hai. upanayan sanskar men bhikshacharan bhi hota hai. upanayan sanskar ho jane ke bad balak vaidik karm karne ka adhikari ho jata hai. kintu use vivah hone tak brahmacharya ke niyamon ka palan ganbhirtapurvak karna chahie. sath hi acharya dvara die gae updeshon ka palan bhi drirhta se karna chahie, tabhi use dvijatva ki prapti hogi. yagyaopvit: yagya sutra nirantar hamen apne dharm, jati evan pravar rishiyon, purushon ke upkar ka smaran dilate hain. hamare yagya sutra men sabhi devon ka vas hai ataev yathadhikar yagyaopvit dharan karna param avashyak hai. brahmavrat: gurukul men guru sevarth dharan kiya jane vala (antevasi shishya ka) yah akhand brahmacharya vrat hai. is sanskar men upnit vatu, acharya grih men guru ka antevasi banakar akhand brahmacharya vrat dharan karta hua parmatma ke path par agrasar hone ke lie apne purusharth ki pratigya karta hai. is kal men vatu ke lie do karya anivarya hain - brahmacharya ka palan aur guruseva. vedaranbh sanskar: upanayan sanskar sanpann hone par usi din athva usse tin din bad vedaranbh kar sakte hain. maharshi vashishth ke anusar jin-jin kulon men ved shakhaon ka adhyayan paranpra se hota chala a raha ho, un-un kulon ke balkon ko usi shakha ka abhyas karna chahie. apne kul ki paranpragat shakha (upnishad adi) ka adhyayan kar lene ke bad anya shakhaon ke upnishdon ka adhyayan karna chahie. vedadhyayan guru ke sannidhya men karna chahie. ved ka arth sahit adhyayan karna chahie. vedaranbh sanskar men ved mantra ki ahutiyon se yagya karne ka vidhan hai. samavartana: yah sanskar vidyadhyayan ka antim sanskar hai. vidyadhyayan purn ho jane ke anantar snatak brahmachari apne pujya guru ki agya pakar apne ghar men samavartit hota hai. islie ise samavartan sanskar kahte hain. grihasth jivan men pravesh ka adhikari ho jana is sanskar ka fal hai. sanskaron ka prayojn: har sanskar bhinna-bhinn uddeshya ke lie hota hai. sanskaron ke katipay laukik ang bhi hote hain. sanskar men vividh kritya grathit hote hain, jinhen apnane se vyakti ko anek shubh fal prapt hote hain aur ashubh falon se mukti milti hai. ashubh prabhav ka pratikar: shubh karyon men amangal ki bhi ashanka rahti hai atah ashubh prabhav se raksha ke lie sanskaron men kuch vishesh kritya bhi kie jate hain. jaise asuri shaktiyan sanskarya vyakti par ashubh prabhav n dalen, islie unhen dirgh, bhat-bhakt bali pradan kar shant kiya jata hai. isi prakar vinayak shanti bhi ki jati hai. shishu janm prasang men pita rog karak bhut-pret se kahta hai ki tum log mere putra ko rogadi dvara pira mat pahunchao. tum log chale jao, main tumhare prati adar bhav rakhunga. shubh prabhav ka akarshana: garbhadhan tatha vivah ke pradhan devta prajapti aur upanayan ke pradhan devta brihaspati hain. in prasangon men in devtaon ke sukton dvara unse abhisht shubh fal ki prarthana ki jati hai. shubh vastu ke sparsh se shubh fal prapt hota hai, atah simantonnayan namak sanskar ke samay audunbar vriksh ki shakha ka garbhavati stri ki griva se sparsh karaya jata hai. jis prakar audunbar vriksh par vipul fal ate hain usi prakar garbhavati stri ko anek santan hon, iske piche yahi bhav nihit hai. sanskarik prayojn: shastragyaon ne sanskaron nmen uchchatar dharm evan pavitrata ke samavesh ki shakti ka pratipadan kiya hai. yagyavalkya rishi sanskaron se bij aur garbhavas ki shuddhi aur pavitrata par bal dete hain. jatak ke karmadi sanskaron se ashuddhata ka nivaran hota hai. sharir atma ka vas sthan hai aur yah sharir sanskaron se shuddh hota hai. naitik prayojn: sanskaron ko keval sanskar rup men karna sanskar vidhan men nahin hai, apitu sanskar ke paripak se naitik gunon ki abhivriddhi hoti hai. is tathya ko dhyan men rakhte hue shastragyaon ne sanskar men jivan ke pratyek sopan ke lie vyavhar ke niyam dharm nirdharit kie hain. adhyatmik prayojn: shastriya sanskaron se utpann hone vale naitik gunon se sanskarya vyakti ka adhyatmik vikas ho yahi sanskar ka abhipret hai. sanskarit jivan bhautik dharna aur atmavad ke madhya ka madhyam matra hai. yadyapi adhyatmik drishti se sharir ko niahsar mana gaya hai, fir bhi sharir ‘atm mandir’ hai. sadhna anushthan ka madhyam hai, islie ati mulyavan hai. yah atm mandir sanskaron se parishkrit hokar parmatma ka vas sthan ban sake yahi sanskaron ka abhipray hai. is prakar sanskar adhyatmik shikshan ke sopan hain. susanskari vyakti ka sanpurn jivan sanskaramay hota hai aur sabhi daihik kriyaen adhyatmik vicharon se anupranit hoti hain. sanskaron se vyakti ko yah vishvas hota hai ki vidhiyukt sanskar ke anushthan se vah deh bandhann se mukt hokar bhavsagar se par ho sakta hai. samaj ke shreshth jan savidhi sanskaron ka palan karte hain, atah itarajan bhi unka anusaran kar sukhi hote hain. bhartiya sabhyata evan sanskriti men sanskaron ka vishesh mahatva hai. prachin rishiyon ne garbhadhan se lekar antyeshthi karm tak shodash sanskaron ko ek mat se svikar kiya hai. manushya janm se abodh hota hai parantu sanskaron se uske antrik evan bahya vyaktitva men nikhar ata hai, uska parishkar hota hai. shastra men kaha gaya hai- janmanajayte shudrah sanskarad dvij uchyate. ved pathat bhaved viprah brahm janati brahmanah.. sukh-samriddhi chahne vale pratyek varn ke grihasth manushya ko bhartiya paranpra ka anusaran karna chahie. pashchatya sabhyata ka bahishkar karna chahie. aisa karne se santan medhavi, svasth, dhani, yashasvi evan dirghayu hogi. garbhadhan sanskar: is pure prakaran men ek bat ullekhniya hai ki shuru se ant tak kisi bhi rishi ne garbhadhan sanskar ka tyag nahin kiya. sabhi ne is pratham sanskar ko avashyak mana hai. vartaman men garbhadhan to khub hota hai, kintu sanskar bilkul nahin. aj manushya ka garbhadhan to suaron ke saman hai. is sachchai ko kaun jhuthla sakta hai. aj hamne garbhadhan sanskar ko puri tarah bhula diya hai. koi is vishay par charcha karna bhi pasand nahin karta hai. yaun vishyon par sarvadhik charcha hoti hai. yaun shiksha par pure desh men bahas chalti hai, kintu garbhadhan sanskar ki jankri shikshit samaj ko bhi nahin hai. ichchit santan ki prapti hetu garbhadhan karne se purva pati-patni ko apne man aur sharir ko pavitra banane ke lie yah pratham sanskar karna chahie. shuddh raj-virya ke sanyog se hi sanskarvan santan ka janm hota hai. pati vrat dharm aur brahmacharya ke palan se hi raj-virya ki shuddhi hoti hai. jis shubh ratri men jis samay garbhadhan karna ho us samay pati aur patni svayan ko achmnadi se shuddh kar lena chahie. fir pati hath men jal lekar kahe ki main is patni ke pratham sanskar ke bij tatha garbh sanbandhi doshon ke nivarnarth is garbhadhan sanskar kriya ko karta hun. patni pashchim ki or pair karke sidhi chiÿa lete tatha pati purvabhimukh baithakar patni ke nabhi sthal ko apne daen hath se sparsh karta hua nimn mantra ka uchcharan kare- ¬ pusha bhag savita me dadatu rudrah kalpayatu lalamgum. ¬ vishnuryonikalpayatu tvashta rupani pithshtu, asinchat prajaptirdhata garbh dadhatute.. (rigved- 8/2/42) punsavan sanskar: ath punsvanam pura spandat iti mase dvitiye tritiye va. (paraskar grihyasutra-1-16) garbh ka vikas samyak prakar se ho sake, iske lie punsavan sanskar karna chahie. yah sanskar garbhadhan ke dusre ya tisre mas men kiya jae. is sanskar ki mukhya kriya men khir ki panach ahutiyan di jati hain. havan se bachi hui khir ko ek patra men bharakar pati patni ki god men rakhta hai aur ek nariyal bhi pradan karta hai. puja samapti aur brahman bhojan karane ke pashchat patni is khir ka prempurvak sevan karti hai. simantonnayan sanskar: yah sanskar bhi garbhasth shishu ke unnayan ke lie kiya jata hai. yah sanskar shishu ko saubhagya sanpann banata hai. paraskar grihyasutra men kaha gaya hai ki yah sanskar pratham garbh men chathe athva athven mas men karna chahie. is sanskar men havan kiya jata hai aur garbhavati stri ke jure (sir ke balon) men tin kushaen aur do gular ke fal lagae jate hain.