kashi ke ghat ar. pi. sinh uttar pradesh men sthit jila banaras (varanasi) ke prachin nagri kashi vishva ki prachinatam nagriyon men sarvapramukh hai. puranon men kashi ko bhagvan shankar ke trishul par sthit mandiron ka shahar kaha jata hai. is kashi nagri ki dharmik evan sanskritik parichay kya hai tatha yahan par bane ghat kis nam se vikhyat hain parhie is lekh men.
kashi - ek aitihasik parichay ah-bharatavarsh kai dharm, kalaon, itihas, darshan evan mulyon ka kendrasthal hai. is desh men hamen kai sanskritik, kalatmak evan aitihasik chijen virasat men prapt hai jo desh ki ekta evan bhartiyata ki pahchan hai. desh ke pratyek rajya ko apne alag alag aitihasik, sanskritik ev rdhairmakamulyon evan paramparaon se jana evan pahchana jata hai.
inhi bhartiya rajyon men pramukh rajya uttar pradesh men sthit jila banaras (varanasi) ke prachin nagri kashi vishva ki prachinatam nagriyon men sarvapramukh hai. puranon men kashi ko bhagvan shankar ke trishul par sthit manndiron ka shahar kaha jata hai . kashi ki aitihasik evan dharmik parampara men jain, baudva evan brahaman dharmon ki samvet parampara bhi dekhi ja sakti hai. puranon men kashi ya varansi ka saman arthon me nullekh hai jo asi evan varuna nadiyon ke madhya sthit tha. chathi shatabdi i0 purva ken jain evan bauddh granthon men solah (16) mahajnpdon ke ullekh men kashi ka bhi ek pramukh janapad ke rup men ullekh prapt hota hai.
muslmanon evan angrejon ke shasan kal men kashi ya varanasi ka adhikanshtah banaras nam se ullekh hai jo varanasi ka hi apabhransh hai. vartaman men varansi ek janapad ya jila hai .
kashi - ek dharmik evan sanskritik parichy:- vishva ke adhikansh prachin nagar aur unki sanskritiyan samay ke pravah ke sath nasht ho gayi kintu kashi ke dharmik evan sanskritik parampara ka pravah vaidikkal se aj tak usi veg se pravahit hai. hinduon ke tirthasthalon men char dhamon evan sat (7) puriyon ka mahatva hai. kashi ki ganna sat puriyon men ki gayi hai.
aisi manyata hai ki bharat ke sampurn tirthon ki yatra karne men asamarth vyakti keval kashi yatra ya pariekrama se hi sampurn tirthon ki yatra ka punyafal pa sakta hai. kashi hinduon ki tarah jainiyon evan bauddhon ka bhi pramukh kendra raha hai .
jain ke 24 tirthankron men char (4) tirthakaron ki janmasthali varansi janapad mani gayi hai. manyata ke anusar gyan prapti pashchat buddh ne pratham dharm updesh sarnath men diya tha. kashi ki jivant dharmik evan sanskatik chetna ne prachin kal se hi bharat ke vibhinn kshetron ke acharyon, sant mahatmaon evan videshi yatriyon ko apni or akrisht kiya hai.
kashi ki dharmik evan sanskritik chetna ka kendra bindu evan pran vindu ganga dhat evan kashi ke manndir hai, jahan bhartiya sanskriti ki pahchan prakhar evan jivant rup men payi jati hai . kashi ki yatra karne valon pramukh videshi yatriyon men fahyan , hnetsang ,albruni barniyar pramukh hai, jinhonne tatkalin kashi ki dharmik evan sanskritik sthitiyon ka vivechan prastut kiya hai .
uttar pradesh men sthit jila banaras (varanasi) ke prachin nagri kashi vishva ki prachinatam nagriyon men sarvapramukh hai. puranon men kashi ko bhagvan shankar ke trishul par sthit mandiron ka shahar kaha jata hai .
ganga evan kashi ke dhat:-kashi ki dharmik, adhyatmik evan mansik chetna ka adhar ganga hai. ganga ka kshetra samanyatah purva men kashi kshetra, pashchim men dehli vinayak, uttar ke varuna nadi tatha dakshin ke asi nadi se parivrit mana gaya hai. ganga keval kashi men hi utrvahini hai, jiska vishesh dharmik mahatva hai . aisi manyata hai ki kashi men ganga ka darshan, pujan, sparsh matra se hi vyakti samast sukhon ko prapt kar leta. kashi vasiyon ke liye ganga aur uske ghat dharmik aghyatmik mahatva ke sath hi paryatan, svasthya tatha anand ki drishti se bhi mahatvapurn hai.
ganga ke kinare sthit ghaton ki shranrikhla bhartiya sanskriti evan parampara ke samanvayatmak svarup ko ujagar karti hai. kashi aur ganga ka sandarbh bahut prachin kal se milne lagta hai kintu ganga ke ghaton ka ullekh mauryakal se milta hai. kashi ke vyaparik utkarsh ka karan yahan nadi marg dvara hone vala vyapar tha. kashi ke acharyon evan vidyathiyon ke dainik karyon men ganga snan bhi ek mukhya karya tha . ’’matsyapuran’’ men ganga tat par sthit panch pramukh tirthoen ka ullenkh hai .
vamnpuran men kashipuri ki parikrama ka ullekh hai jo vartaman ke ’panchkoshi ’parikrama ke rup men prasiddh hai . shri ram lila, pantgbaji, mukkebaji, dangal evan ganga mahotsav bhi ganga ke ghaton par dekhi ja sakti hai kashi ke ghato ke adhyayan ke drishtikon se motichandra dvara sampadit ’’banaras aind its ghat ’’( 1931) ek mahatvapurn granth hai. ghaton par sthit kuch pramukh mandir hai -
1. jagannath mandir - assi ghat ke pas
2. arkavinayak mandir - tulsi ghat ke uttar men
3. hanuman mandir -hanuman ghat ke pas
4. shitla mandir - shitla ghat ke pas
5. ranibhvani mandir - marnikarnika ghat ke pas
6. trilanechan mahadev mandir
trilochan ghat ke pas kashi ke pramukh aitihasik ghat:-
asighat - kashi ke dakshini sima par ganga evan asi nadiyon ke sangam par sthit yah ek pramukh ghat hai. purva men is ghat ka vistar vartaman asighat se bhadainighat tak tha .
riva ghat - riva ghat ka prachin nam lal misir ghat tha. ghat evan ghat par vishal mahal ka nirman panjab ke raja ranjit sinh ke purohit lal misir ne karaya tha. vartaman men mahal me chatravas hai.
tulsighat - yah ghat tulsighat ( 16 vi 17vi ka nivas sthan tha, jahan unhone ramchritmanas likha tulsighat par anek mandir hai tatha dharmik -sanskritik gatividhi ke drishti se yah ek mahatvapurn ghat hai .
bhadainighat - is ghat ki sthiti bhadaini muhalle men hai islie bhadainighat kahte hanai .
anandamayi ghat - yah ghat mahila tapasvini mata anandamayi (20vin shati ki karmabhubhi rahi hai.1944 men mata anandamayi ne yahan ghat evan ghat par vishal ashram ka nirman karvaya .
nishadraj ghat - ghat par mukhyatah nishad jati ( mallah ) ke logon ka nivas hone ke karan inka ghat ka nam nishad rajghat hua. ghat ka dharmik sanskritik drishti se vishesh mahatva nahin hai .
chetsinh ghat - aitihasik drishti se kashi ke ghaton mane chetsinh ghat ka pramukh sthan hai . ghat par sthit shivala mahal men 1781 i0 men raja chetsinh evan angrejon ke bich yudva hua tha. ghat sthit kile men 18 vin shati ke tin shivmanndir hai .
shivalaghat - is ghat ka vishesh dharmik mahatva nahin hai . kintu sanskritik drishti se 20 vin shati ke madhya tak yah mahatvapurn tha, kyonki chetsinh ghat par sampann honevala burhva mangal mela is kshetra tak faila tha.
hanuman ghat - is ghat par naga sadh auon ka juna akhara hai. isi men 18 vin shati i0 ka hanuman mandir hai. iska prachin nam rameshvar ghat tha.
harishchandra ghat- yah ghat kashi ke pramukh shmashan ghaton men se ek hai. ghat ke namakaran ke sandarbh men manyata hai ki ayodhya ke raja evan satya ke pratik harishchandra satya ki raksha ke lie isi ghat par bike the.
kedarghat - ghat par kedareshvar shiv ka prasiddh mandir hone ke karan iska nam kedar ghat hua. is ghat ka pakka nirman 18 vin shati men kumarasvami math dvara karaya gaya. aisi manyata hai ki yahae par snan karne se samast pap ka nash ho jata hai.
pandeyghat - is ghat ka nirman 19 vin shati ke prarambh men saran (bihar) nivasi babua pandey ne karaya tha, jisse iska nam pandey ghat hai. vartaman men ghat pakka evan svachch hai.
ahilyabaighat - munshi ghat ke u0 sima se lage is ghat tatha ghat sthit vishal mahal ka nirman 1785 i0 men indaur (madhya pradesh) ki maharani ahilyabai holkar ne karaya tha.
shitlaaghat - shitlaghat par shitladevi ka prasiddh mandir hai jisse ghat ka namakaran hai. dashashvamegh ghat ke bad snanarthiyon evan tirth yatriyon ki jyada bhir isi ghat par hoti hai.
dashashvamegh ghat - dharmik-sanskritik evan aitihasik drishtikon se yah kashi ka prasiddh ghat hai. paramparanusar brahma dvara ashvamegh yagya karne ke bad se iska nam dashashvamegh hua. sarak marg se jure ghaton men bhi yah pramukh hai jo nagar ke mukhya bajar marg se jura hai.
prayag ghat - dashashvamegh ke uttari bhag mane sthit prayag ghat ka nirman potiya (bangal) ki maharani 19 vin shati men karaya tha. kashikhand ke adhar par is ghat par prayag tirth ki sthiti mani gayi hai.
lalitadevi ghat - ghat ke samne ganga men lalita tirth evan ghat ke upar lalitadevi ka mandir hone se iska nam lalitaghat hai.
marnikarnika ghat - yah ghat kashi ke paech pramukh evan prachinatam tirthon evan ghaton men ek hai. ghat par sthit marnikarnika kund evan usse juri katha ke karan hi iska nam marnikarnika ghat para. parvati ka karnamani girne se bhi nam marnikarnika pada .
sanktha ghat - ghat ke samip sanktha devi ke prasidva mandir ke karan is ghat ka nam para. vartaman men ghat pakka evan svachch hai.
ramghat - ramghat ke samne ganga men ramtirth tatha ghat par ram panchayatan mandir hai jisse iska nam ramghat para.
iske alava kashi ke pramukh ghaton men gvaliyar ghat, balaji ghat, panchganga ghat, durgaghat, brahmaghat, lalghat, gayghat, badrinarayan ghat, trilochnghat, golaghat, prahlad ghat, ranighat, rajghat, adikeshva ghat, pramukh hai.
yadyapi kashi evan ganga tat ke ghaton ka sambandh prachin hai. kintu ghaton ka aitihasik vikas kram evan usse sambandhit dharmik-sanskritik gatividhiyon ka ullekh mauryakal se hamen milne lagta hai.
ganga tat ke ghaton par ek or bharat ki samuchi prachin parampara apni sanpurnata evan vividhta men surakshit hai vahin dusri or yahan ke logon kie jivan shaili men adhunikta ka prabhav bhi dikhayi deta hai.
is drishtikon se ghaton evan ganga men hone vale pradushan se bachav ke lie logon men svachchata evan sundarata ki mansik jagrukta viksit karne ki avashyakta hai.
marnikarnika ghat kashi ke paech pramukh evan prachinatam tirthon evan ghaton men ek hai. ghat par sthit marnikarnika kund evan usse juri katha ke karan hi iska nam marnikarnika ghat para. parvati ka karnamani girne se bhi nam marnikarnika pada.