dinman evan ratriman men kyon hota hai parivartan kalpana prati varsh 21-22 sitanbar ko din evan rat lagabhag barabar hote hain. aisa kyon hota hai? kya yah prithvi ke sabhi sthanon par hota hai? kark rekha evan makar rekha ki ismen kya bhumika hai? kya yah varsh men ek hi bar hota hai? aiye, janane in sabhi prashnon ka uttar surya up bindu (ainai aivsant chvapadajaddh prithvi par vah sthan hota hai jahan par surya uchchatam bindu par hota hai. us sthan par surya ki kirnen ekadam sidhi parti hain kyonki surya us sthan se 900 ka kon banata hai. yah bindu sthir nahin hota hai. prithvi ki dainik gati ke karan yah bindu purva se pashchim ki or 24 ghante men prithvi ki satah par ek chakkar laga leta hai. prithvi ki varshik gati ke karan yah bindu uttar se dakshin ki or prithvi ki satah par ek parikrama ek saur varsh men puri karta hai. prithvi ki bhumadhya rekha prithvi ko do barabar bhagon men vibhakt karti hai. upar vale bhag ko uttari golarddh tatha bhumadhya rekha se niche vale bhag ko dakshini golarddh kaha jata hai. uttari golarddh men kark rekha jo ki bhumadhya rekha se 230 28’ ka kon banati hai vah antim sima hai jahan tak surya bindu pahunchta hai arthat jahan tak surya ki sidhi kirnen prithvi par parti hain. iske age vale sthanon par surya bindu nahin pahunchta hai tatha vahan par hamesha thand rahti hai kyonki vahan par surya ki kirnen sadaiv tirchi parti hai. isi prakar dakshini golarddh men makar rekha hai jo ki bhumadhya rekha se 23028’ ka kon banati hai tatha dakshini golarddh men is bindu se age surya bindu nahin pahunchta hai. prithvi ka aksh pashchim ki or 23028’ jhuka hone ke karan surya bindu kark evan makar rekha se age nahin pahunchta hai. atah surya bindu kark rekha se makar rekha ke madhya hi prithvi ki satah par uttar se dakshin ki or ek varsh men ek parikrama karta hai tatha sardi, garmi, shishir, basant, sharad adi ritu keval kark rekha se makar rekha ke madhya ane vale sthanon par hi banti hai. inke age surya ki tirchi kirnen hi pahunch pati hai atah vahan par sadaiv thand ka mausam hi rahta hai. jab surya bindu kark rekha par hota hai tab surya kark rashi men hota hai. isi karan ise kark rekha nam diya gaya hai. jab surya makar rashi men hota hai tab yah bindu makar rekha par hota hai atah is sthan ko makar rekha ka nam diya gaya hai. bhumadhya rekha par surya ki kirnen sadaiv sidhi parti hai atah vahan par sadaiv garam hi rahta hai. jab surya bindu kark rekha par hota hai to uttari golarddh men yah bindu bhumadhya rekha se sarvadhik unchai par hota hai. is samay surya bindu bhumadhya rekha se 22028’ ka kon banata hai. is samay uttari golarddh men kark rekha se bhumadhya rekha ke madhya ane vale lagabhag sabhi sthanon par surya ki sidhi kirnen parti hai atah uttari golarddh men grishm ritu ka aranbh ho jata hai. yah bindu kark rekha par 21-22 jun ko hota hai tatha ise grishm sanpat kahte hain. is din uttari golarddh men surya kshitij par sabse adhik der tak rahta hai jisse yah varsh ka sabse lanba din hota hai tatha dakshini golarddh men is din sabse chota din hota hai. kyonki vahan par suryoday der se hota hai tatha suryast jaldi ho jata hai. jab surya bindu makar rashi men hota hai to isse sthiti bilkul viprit hoti hai. is samay surya bindu dakshini golarddh men bhumadhya rekha se sarvadhik unchai par hota hai. yah bhumadhya rekha se 23028’ ka kon banata hai. is samay dakshini golarddh men grishm ritu ka aranbh ho jata hai tatha uttari golarddh men shishir ritu ka aranbh hota hai. yah bindu makar rekha par -hai kyonki iske pashchat surya ki sidhi-kirnen uttari golarddh men kahin bhi nahin parti hai aur vahan shshiir ritu ka aranbh ho jata hai. yah bindu makar rekha par 21-22 disanbar ko hota hai tatha ise shishir sanpat kahte hain kyonki uttari golarddh men surya ki kirnen kahin bhi sidhi nahin parti hai atah is din se vahan shishir ritu ka aranbh hota hai. iske pashchat surya bindu uttar ki or prasthan karne lagta hai. uttari golarddh se dakshini golarddh men pravesh karte samay jab surya bindu bhumadhya rekha ko par karta hai us samay sharad sanpat hota hai. sharad sanpat 21-22 sitanbar ko hota hai. is din kark rekha se makar rekha ke madhya prithvi ke sabhi sthanon par dinman evan ratriman lagabhag saman hote hain arthat 12 ghante ka din evan 12 ghante ki ratri hoti hai. iska karan yah hai ki surya ka madhya bindu prithvi ke madhya bindu ke bilkul upar hota hai jisse donon golarddh ko surya ka prakash barabar milta hai. isi din se uttari golarddh men sharad ritu ka aranbh hota hai. isi prakar jab surya dakshini golarddh se uttari golarddh men pravesh karte samay bhumadhya rekha ko par karta hai tab basant sanpat hota hai. is samay bhi kark rekha se makar rekha ke madhya prithvi ke sabhi sthanon par dinman evan ratriman barabar hote hain. basant sanpat 21-22 march ko hota hai tatha is din se uttari golarddh men vasantritu ka aranbh ho jata hai. ise nimn chitra ke madhyam se bhalibhanti samjha ja sakta hai- vasant sanpat vah bindu hai jab surya up bindu dakshini golarddh se uttari golarddh men pravesh karte samay bhumadhya rekha par hota hai. mesh rashi ka aranbh ya yun kahen ki bhachakra ka aranbh yahin se hota hai. yah bindu sthir nahin hai tatha prativarsh 50. 30’’ ki gati se pashchim ki or khiskta hai. pashchatya jyotish ki samast gannaen yahin se aranbh hoti hai. chunki yah bindu chalayman hai atah pashchatya jyotish men bhachakra ka aranbh bindu pratyek varsh badlta rahta hai. jabki bhartiya jyotish nirayan jyotish par adharit hai. hamari sabhi gannaen is bindu se aranbh n hokar ek sthir bindu jo ki ek tara hai se aranbh hoti hanai. bhartiya jyotish men sayan paddhati ke adhar par grahon ki akash men vastavik sthiti ka pahle pata lagaya jata hai tatha uske pashchat usmen aynansh sudhar karke is ganna ke sthir bindu se aranbh kiya jata hai kyonki sayan paddhati se grahon ki akash men vastavik sthiti ka pata lagaye bina unki sthiti nirayan men parivartit karna asanbhav hai.
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