hindu dharm men mrityu ko jivan ka ant nahin mana gaya hai. mrityu hone par yah mana jata hai ki yah vah samay hai, jab atma is sharir ko chodakar punah kisi naye rup men sharir dharan karti hai, ya moksh prapti ki yatra aranbh karti hai . kisi vyakti ki mrityu ke bad mrit sharir ka dah-sanskar karne ke piche yahi karan hai. mrit sharir se nikal kar atma ko moksh ke marg par gati pradan ki jati hai. shastron men yah mana jata hai ki jab tak mrit sharir ka antim sanskar nahin kiya jata hai tab tak use moksh ki prapti nahin hoti hai. shastron ke anusar kiye jane vale solah sanskaron men se antim sanskar dah sanskar hai. yah sanskar do prakar se kiya jata hai
1. jab mrit sharir upalabdh ho jab mrit sharir upalabdh ho to nimn prakar se dah sanskar kriya karni chahie- vyakti ki mrityu ke bad putra ya pautra ko mare hue prani ko kandha dena chahie. tatha uska nimn vidhan se agnidah karna chahie. mrityu ke pashchat sabse pahle bhumi ko gobar se lipna chahie. jal rekha se mandal banana chahie. iske bad til aur kush bichakar vyakti ko kush par sula dena chahie tatha uske mukh men svarn tatha pancharatn dalna chahie. aisa karne se vyakti apne sabhi papon se mukt ho jata hai. mandal yukt bhumi par pran tyag karne se vyakti ko anya yoni prapt karne men sahjta rahti hai anyatha uski atma vayulok men bhatkti rahti hai. mrityukal men marnasann vyakti ke donon hathon men kush rakhna chahie. isse prani vishnulok ko prapt karta hai. vyakti ki mrityu ho jane par, putradi tatha parijnon ko svayan snan karne ke bad shav ko shuddh jal se snan karakar navin vastra pahnakar, uske bad sharir men chandan adi sugandhit padarthon ka lep bhi karna chahie. dah sanskar ke antargat chah pind dene ka vidhan hai. pahla pind mrityu sthan par, dusra dvar par, tisra chairahe par, chaitha vishramasthan, panchvan chita, aur chatha sanchayan ke samay. iske bad shav ko bandhu-bandhvon ko shmashan ghat le jana chahie aur vahan shav ko dakshini disha ki or sir karke sthapit karna chahie. dahakriya ke lie putradi-parijnon ko trin, kashth, til aur ghi lekar jana chahie. shmashan ghar men dah sanskar ke sabhi karya dakshinamukhi hokar karna chahie. dah sanskar karne se purva svachch bhumi par agni sthapit kar, shav ko chita men jalane ka upakram karna chahie. jab shav ke sharir ka adha bhag chita men jal jae to us samay karta tilmishrit ghi ki ahuti chita men jal rahe shav ke upar chodna chahie. uske bad bhav vihval hokar us atmiya jan ke lie rona chahie. is prakar karne se mritak ko atyadhik sukh prapt hota hai. dah kriya karne ke bad asthi-sanchayan kriya ki jani chahie. iske bad kisi jalashay par jakar sabhi parijnon ko vastrashit snan karna chahie tatha dakshinamukhi hokar mrit prani ke lie tilyukt jalanjli deni chahie. shavdah jalanjli ke bad svajnon ko ashrupat nahin karna chahie. shastron men aisa mana jata hai ki is samay rote hue apne bandhu bandhvon ke dvara ankh aur munh se girae hue ansu aur kaf ka mritak ko pan karna padta hai. ghar ke dvar par pahunchne par nim ki pattiyon ko dant se katakar achaman karen tatha bad men ghar men pravesh karen. dah sanskar muhurt jab mrit sharir upalabdh hota hai to dah sanskar ke liye muhurt chayan ki avashyakta nahin hoti hai. keval jab kisi ke mrit sharir ka dah-sanskar panchak ke nakshatra samay men karna ho to muhurt samay ka prayog kiya jata hai. panchak nakshatron men dhanishtha ke antim do charan, shatbhisha, purvabhadrapad, uttarabhadrapad v revti ate hain. in panch nakshatron men mrityu hone par dah-sanskar se purva panchak shanti karani hoti hai.
2. jab mrit sharir upalabdh ho jab kisi vyakti ki mrityu bhukh se, hinsak prani ke dvara, fansi ke fande, vish se, agni se, atmaghat se, girakar, rassi bandhan se, jal men rakhne se, sarp dansh se, bijli se, lohe se, shastra se ya vishaile kutte ke mukh sparsh se hui ho to ise durmaran kaha jata hai. in sabhi sthitiyon men mrityu ko samanya nahin mana jata aur mrityu pashchat dah sanskar ke lie putla dah sanskar vidhi ka prayog kiya jata hai. yahi vidhi pravas men mrityu hone par bhi apnai jati hai. is prakar ki sthiti tabhi samne ati hai, jab samanyatah aprakritik mrityu hoti hai. jismen ya to sharir kisi karan vash nasht ho jata hai, athva prapt hi nahin hota hai. in sthitiyon men kusha (ek prakar ki ghas), palash aur chaval ke ate ka putla banakar uska dah sanskar kiya jata hai. putla dah-sanskar arthat putle ke dah-sanskar ke liye muhurt chayan ki nimnalikhit prakriya apnayi jati hai:-
ka) jab mrityu ki suchna sutak (ashuddhata) ke dauran prapt hoti hai sutak samay sthan vishesh ki riti-rivaj anusar sutak, mrityu ke das se 16 din ke andar samapt ho jata hai. yadi mrityu ki suchna in dinon ke bich hi prapt ho jati hai to putla-dah panchak ke nakshatra samay ko chodakar kisi bhi samay kiya ja sakta hai.
kha) jab mrityu ki suchna sutak ke pashchat arthat 16 dinon se ek varsh ke madhya prapt hoti hai, to putla-dah ke muhurt chayan ke liye nimnalikhit baton ka vichar karna avashyak hota hai.
1. putla dah-sanskar nakshatra putle ka dah-sanskar karne ke liye shravan, hast, ashvini aur pushya nakshatra sabse achche mane jate hain. iske bad uttarafalguni, uttarashadha, uttarabhadrapad, rohini, anuradha, purvafalguni, punarvasu, vishakha, mrigshira, chitra aur dhanishtha nakshatra putla dah- sanskar ke liye madhyam shreni ke nakshatra hote hain.
2. putla dah - sanskar var yah karya karne ke liye ravivar, somvar v guruvar ko liya ja sakta hai.
3. dah sanskar tyajya samay putla dah - sanskar karya ke liye bhadra tyajya hai. dah-sanskar karne vale vyakti ka janm v pratyari tara (janm nakshatra vala tara, 5van, 10van, 14van, 19van v 23van tara tyajya hota hai v dah-sanskar karne vale vyakti ke janm chandrama se gochar ke chandrama ki sthiti 4, 8, 12 ven bhavon men bhi nahin honi chahie. shukravar, manglvar, shanivar nahin lena chahie. tithiyon men 1, 6, 11, 13, 14 tithiyan, tripushkar yog, adhimas, guru v shukra ka ast hona aur shukla paksh ka bhi parityag karna chahie. sath hi sab krur nakshatron arthat purvafalguni, purva ashadha, purva bhadrapad, bharni v magha adi nakshatron ke atirikt tikshn nakshatra arthat (mul, jyeshtha, adrra v ashlesha aur revti) ko bhi tyag dena chahie.
4. jab mrityu ki suchna ek varsh bad prapt ho jab mrityu ki suchna ek varsh ke uprant prapt ho, to aisi sthiti men putla dah-sanskar uttarayan men hi karna chahie aur putla dah ke muhurt chayan ke lie un sabhi baton ka vichar avashyak rup se karna chahie jinhen upar (kha) men bataya gaya hai.