munga mangal grah ka pratinidhi ratn hai. ise vibhinn namon se pukara jata hai yatha- munga, bhaum-ratn, praval, mirjan, pola tatha angreji men ise koral kahte hain. munga mukhyatah lal rang ka hota hai. iske atirikt munga sinduri, gerua, safed tatha kale rang ka bhi hota hai. munga ek jaivik ratn hota hai.
munge ka janma:
munga samudra ke garbh men lagabhag chah-sat sau fit niche gahri chattanon par vishesh prakar ke kire, jinhen aisis nobails kaha jata hai, inke dvara svayan ke lie banaya gaya ghar hota hai. unke inhin gharon ko munge ki bel athva munge ka paudha bhi kaha jata hai. bina patton ka keval shakhaon se yukt yah paudha lagabhag ek ya do fut uncha aur ek inch motai ka hota hai. kabhi-kabhi iski unchai isse adhik bhi ho jati hai. paripakva ho jane par ise samudra se nikalakar mashinon se iski kating adi karke manchahe akaron ka banaya jata hai.
munge ke vishay men kuch logon ki dharna ki munge ka per hota hai kintu vastavikta yah hai ki munge ka per nahin hota aur n hi yah vanaspati hai. balki iski akriti paudhe jaisi hone ke karan hi ise paudha kaha jata hai. vastav men yah jaivik ratn hota hai.
munga samudra men jitni gahrai par prapt hota hai, iska rang utna hi halka hota hai. iski apeksha kam gahrai par prapt munge ka rang gahra hota hai. apni rasaynik sanrchna ke rup men munga kailshiyam karbonet ka rup hota hai. munga bhumadhya sagar ke tatavarti desh aljiriya, sigli ke koral sagar, iran ki khari, hind mahasagar, itli tatha japan men prapt hota hai. itli se prapt munge ko itailiyan munga kaha jata hai. yah gahre lal surkh rang ka hota hai tatha sarvottam munga japan ka hota hai.
visheshta evan dharan karne se labh:
munge ki pramukh visheshta iska chittakarshak sundar rang v akar hi hota hai. yadyapi munga adhik mulyavan ratn nahin hota kintu iske isi sundar v akarshak rang ke karan ise navaratnon men shamil kiya gaya hai. munga dharan karne se mangal grah janit samast dosh shant ho jate hain. munga dharan karne se rakt saf hota hai aur rakt ki vriddhi hoti hai. hriday rogon men bhi munga dharan karne se labh hota hai. munga dharan karne se vyakti ko najar dosh (najar lagana) tatha bhut-pretadi ka bhay nahin rahta. isilie prayah chote bachchon ke gale men munge ke dane dale jate hain.
munge ki pahchan: asli munge ki pahchan nimnalikhit hain-
1. yah anya ratnon ki apeksha chikna hota hai tatha hath men lene par fislta hai.
2. asli munge ko rakt men rakhne se uske charon or rakt jam jata hai.
3. asli munge par kisi machis ki tilli se pani ki bund rakhne se bund yathavat bani rahti hai, failti nahin hai.
4. asli munge par hadadroklorik esid dalne se uski satah par jhag uthne lagte hain kintu kale munge par iska koi prabhav nahin hota.
5. asli munga ag men dalne se jal jata hai. aur usmen se bal jalne ke saman gandh ati hai.
munga dharan vidhi:
munga ho ya anya koi ratn, inke dharan karne ka shreshth dhang to yahi hai ki kisi yogya pandit se inki pran-pratishtha karakar hi dharan karna chahie kintu jo vyakti kisi karan vash aisa nahin kar sakte unhen nimnalikhit vidhi ke anusar munga dharan karna chahie-
munge ki anguthi sone, chandi athva chandi aur tanba donon dhatuon ko milvakar dharan ki jati hai. atah uparyukt dhatuon men se kisi men munge ki anguthi anamika ungli ke nam ki banvakar kachche dudhu aur gangajal se dhokar manglvar ke din pratah suryoday se gyarah baje ke madhya daen hath ki anamika ungli men nimn mantra ke uchcharan ke sath dharan karni chahie. ‘‘kran krin kraun sah bhaumay namah’’
striyon ke lie baen hath ki anamika ungli men dharan karne ka vidhan hai.