shantakaran bhujgshynan padmanabhan sureshan. vishvadharan gagnsdrishan meghavarn shubhangam.. lakshmikantan kamlnynan yogibhidhryanagamyan. vande vishnun bhavbhyhran sarvalokaiknatham.. jinki akriti atishay shant hai, jo sheshnag ki shayya par shayan kie hue hain, jinki nabhi men kamal hai, jo sab devtaon dvara pujya hain, jo sanpurn vishva ke adhar hain, jo akash ke sadrish sarvatra vyapt hain, nile megh ke saman jinka varn hai, jinke sabhi ang atyant sundar hain, jo yogiyon dvara dhyan karke prapt kiye jate hain, jo sab lokon ke svami hain, jo janma-maran rupi bhay ko dur karne vale hain, aise lakshmipti, kamalanayan, bhagvan vishnu ko main pranam karta hun. ashadh mah men devashayan ekadshi se kartik mah men hari prabodhini ekadshi arthat ashadh shukla ekadshi se kartik shukla ekadshi tak char mah shravan, bhadrapad, ashvin v kartik mah ko chaturmas kahte hain. chaturmas men adhe se adhik mukhya tyauhar padte hain.
chaturmas men mukhya parva hanai: guru purnima, nag panchmi, krishn janmashtami, raksha bandhan, haritij, ganesh chaturthi, shraddh, navratri, dashhra, sharad purnima, karva chaith, ahoi ashtami, dhanteras, dipavli, govardhan, bhaiyaduj v chath pujan. shravan mas men purnima ke din chandrama shravan nakshatra men hota hai, islie is mah ka nam shravan hai. yah mah ati shubh mah mana jata hai evan is mah men anek parva hote hain. is mah men pratyek somvar ko shravan somvar kahte hain. is din vishesh rup se shivling par jal chadhaya jata hai. kahte hain ki shravan mas men hi samudra manthan se 14 ratn prapt hue the jismen ek tha halahal vish. isko shivji ne apne gale men sthapit kar liya tha jisse unka nam nilkanth pada. vish ke jalan ko rokne ke lie sabhi devtaon ne unapar ganga jal dala. tabhi se shravan mas men shraddhalu (kanvdie) tirth sthal se gangajal lakar shivji par chadhate hain. kahte hain ki uttarayan ke 6 mah devtaon ke lie din hota hai aur dakshinayan ke 6 mah ki rat hoti hain. chaturmas ke char mahine bhagvan vishnu yognidra men rahte hain. atah sabhi sant evan rishi-muni is samay men vrat ka palan karte hain.
is samay brahmacharya ka palan karte hue tamsik vastuon ka tyag kiya jata hai. char mah jamin par sote hain aur bhagvan vishnu ki aradhna ki jati hai. vishnu sahasranam ka path kiya jana shubh faldayak hota hai. puranon men aisa ullekh hai ki is din se bhagvan shri vishnu char mas ki avdhi tak kshir sagar ki anant shayya par shayan karte hain. islie in char mah men koi bhi dharmik karya nahin kiya jata hai. is avdhi men krishi aur vivahadi sabhi shubh karya nahin hote. chaturmas men dvigart pradesh arthat ganga v yamuna ke bich ke sthanon men vishesh taur se vivahadi nahin kie jate hain. in dinon men tapasvi ek hi sthan par rahakar tap karte hain. dharmik karyon men bhi keval braj yatra ki ja sakti hai. yah manyata hai ki in char mason men sabhi dev ekatrit hokar braj bhumi men nivas karte hain. kuch logon ka aisa bhi manna hai ki chaturmas men varsha ka mausam hota hai.
prithvi men sushupt jiv jantu bahar nikal ate hain. chalne se ya krishi karya karne se ya jamin khodne se ye jantu mare ja sakte hain. atah in char mah men ek sthan par rahna paryavaran ke lie shubh hota hai. rishi-muniyon ko to hatya ke pap se bachne ke lie vishesh taur par ek hi sthan par rahne ke shastron ke adesh hain. dusre is avdhi men vrat ka acharan evan jau, mans, gehun tatha mang ki dal ka sevan nishiddh bataya hai. namak ka prayog bhi nahin ya kam karna chahie. varsha ritu ke karan manushya ki pachan shakti kam ho jati hai. in dinon vratadi se sharir ka svasthya uttam rahta hai. sath hi in dinon men surya chupne ke pashchat bhojan karna mana hai. karan lakhon karodon kit patange roshni ke samne rat ko a jate hain aur bhojan men girakar use ashuddh kar dete hain. kahte hain ki in dinon snan agar kisi tirth sthal ya pavitra nadi men kiya jata hai to vah vishesh rup se shubh hota hai. snan ke lie mitti, til aur kusha ka prayog karna chahie. snan pashchat bhagvan shri vishnu ji ka pujan karna chahie. iske lie dhanya ke upar lal rang ke vastra men lipte kunbh rakhakar, usapar bhagvan ki pratima rakhakar puja karni chahie.
dhup dip evan pushp se puja kar ‘‘namo-narayn’’ ya ‘‘un namo bhagvte vasudevay’’ ka jap karne se sabhi kashton se mukti milti hai aur moksh ki prapti hoti hai. chaturmas ka praranbh arthat devashayan ekadshi v iska antim din arthat hari prabodhini ekadshi, donon hi vishesh shubh din mane jate hain aur in donon ko anbujh muhurt ki sangya upalabdh hai arthat is din muhurt shodhan ke bina koi bhi shubh karya jaise vivah, grih pravesh adi kie ja sakte hain. devashayan ekadshi ke bad char mah koi vivahadi nahin hote hain aur hari prabodhini ekadshi se pahle char mah koi vivah nahin hue hote hain aur ye donon din atishubh shreni men mane jate hain. atah in donon dinon men anek shadiyan hoti hain. atah in donon divson ki bade vivah muhurton men ganna ki jati hai. ho bhi kyon n akhir bhagvan shri vishnu ke vishesh karya ke din jo hain. chaturmas ke shubhashubh fal jo manushya keval shakahar karke chaturmas vyatit karta hai, vah dhani ho jata hai. jo shraddhalu pratidin tare dekhne ke bad matra ek bar bhojan karta hai, vah dhanvan, rupvan aur ganmanya hota hai.
jo chaturmas men ek din ka antar karke bhojan karta hai, vah baikunth jane ka adhikari banta hai. jo manushya chaturmas men tin rat upvas karke chaithe din bhojan karne ka niyam sadhta hai, vah punarjanm nahin leta. jo sadhak panch din upvas karke chathe din bhojan karta hai, use rajsuya tatha ashvamedh yagyaon ka sanpurn fal milta hai. jo vyakti bhagvan madhusudan ke shaynkal men ayachit (bina mange) ann ka sevan karta hai, uska apne bhai-bandhuon se kabhi viyog nahin hota hai. chaimase men vishnusukt ke mantron men svaha sanyukt karke nitya havan men til aur chaval ki ahutiyan dene vala ajivan svasth evan nirogi rahta hai. chaturmas men pratidin bhagvan vishnu ke samaksh purushsukt ka jap karne se buddhi kushagra hoti hai. hath men fal lekar jo maun rahakar bhagvan narayan ki nitya 108 parikrama karta hai, vah kabhi pap men lipt nahin hota.
chaimase ke char mahinon men dharmagranthon ke svadhyay se bada punyafal milta hai. shrihri ke shaynkal men vaishnav ko apni kisi priya vastu ka tyag avashya karna chahie. manushya jis vastu ko tyagta hai vah use akshay rup men prapt hota hai. chaturmas adhyatmik sadhna ka parva kal hai jiska sadupyog atmonnati hetu karna chahie. is varsh chaturmas 19 julai ko praranbh hokar 13 navanbar ko samapt ho raha hai. atah 19 julai ko antim vivah muhurt hoga evan 13 navanbar se punah vivah praranbh honge.